EV Battery Regenerative Strength Control via PID Dynamics

The patent implements dynamic adjustment of regenerative strength through PID control, transitioning from fixed strength to variable strength that adapts to real-time battery conditions. The controller continuously adjusts the regenerative strength parameter based on feedback from battery voltage and current measurements, enabling the system to capture maximum power when conditions permit while automatically reducing strength when safety thresholds are approached.

The system incorporates feedback control by measuring battery voltage and current, comparing actual regenerative power against safe thresholds, and adjusting regenerative strength accordingly. The PID controller uses feedback from the battery management system to modify the duty cycle of the power electronic converter, ensuring power capture is optimized without compromising battery safety.

The patent integrates PID control functionality within the existing battery management system, allowing the same controller to perform both battery monitoring and regenerative strength optimization. The power electronic converter serves dual purposes: motor control during propulsion and energy recovery during regenerative braking, reducing the need for separate dedicated control hardware.

The system optimizes regenerative power by dynamically changing the duty cycle parameter of the power electronic converter through PID control. Instead of adding complex hardware, the solution modifies control parameters (duty cycle, switching frequency) to achieve optimal power capture, leveraging existing system components with enhanced control algorithms.

The patent implements a two-stage control strategy where the initial stage performs preliminary gradual adjustment of regenerative strength to safely charge the battery from low state of charge conditions. Once the battery reaches a safe threshold, the system transitions to the optimization stage where PID control maximizes power capture. This preliminary action prevents battery damage while enabling subsequent efficient energy recovery.

The control system operates in periodic phases: initial gradual adjustment phase followed by optimized power capture phase. The system periodically monitors battery voltage and current, switching between conservative and aggressive regenerative modes based on real-time conditions, thereby achieving both safety and efficiency over the complete regenerative braking event.