EV Charger Fire Suppression for Battery Charging Fires
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for a timely and effective fire extinguishing system for electric vehicles to address the risk of fires during charging due to factors like short-circuiting, overcharging, and overheating of batteries.
Innovation Solution
A fire extinguishing system for electric vehicles that includes a charger, a charger control unit, and a fire extinguishing device, which determines the occurrence of a fire through status information analysis and triggers the discharge of a fire extinguishing agent using a pressurizing pump and spraying member.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a fire extinguishing system is equipped in electric vehicle chargers, then fire safety during charging is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The fire extinguishing system is divided into separate functional modules: detection module (sensors for temperature, smoke, gas), control module (charger control unit), and execution module (fire extinguishing device with storage tank and discharge mechanism). This segmentation allows each module to be optimized independently and simplifies the overall system integration.
Solution Approach 2:
The fire extinguishing agent is pre-stored in a storage tank within the charger, and the system is pre-configured with detection and discharge mechanisms. When a fire is detected through status information analysis (temperature, smoke, gas levels), the system immediately activates the discharge mechanism without requiring external intervention, ensuring timely fire suppression.
2Loss of time
If fire detection and extinguishing capabilities are integrated into chargers, then response time to fires is improved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The charger control unit serves dual functions: normal charging control and fire detection/control. The system integrates multiple detection capabilities (temperature, smoke, gas) and fire suppression functions into a single multi-functional device, reducing the need for separate dedicated fire safety equipment and lowering overall manufacturing costs.
Solution Approach 2:
The fire extinguishing system is designed to autonomously detect fire conditions through status information from sensors and automatically activate the fire extinguishing device without requiring external manual intervention. This self-service capability ensures immediate response while eliminating the need for additional control systems or human monitoring infrastructure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively detects and extinguishes fires in electric vehicles, preventing the spread of fires and ensuring safety during charging.
Implementation Method 1
operates a pressurizing pump for pressurizing a fire extinguishing agent contained in a storage tank
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 3A~3B
AI summary
A fire extinguishing system for an electric vehicle includes a charger configured to supply electricity to the electric vehicle and charge a battery mounted on the electric vehicle; a charger control unit configured to receive status information of the electric vehicle or the charger from the electric vehicle or the charger and determine whether the electric vehicle is on fire; and a fire extinguishing device configured to receive a fire extinguishing signal from the charger control unit and extinguish a fire occurring in the electric vehicle.