EV Charging Aggregation Controller for Grid Load Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
The integration of electric vehicles into the power grid introduces a variable and sometimes large load, leading to peak and off-peak time differences, which existing technologies struggle to manage efficiently, requiring additional power generators and causing imbalances in electricity distribution.
Innovation Solution
A charging framework that aggregates information from various entities to coordinate electric power distribution by collecting power capacity data from the grid and charging demand from vehicles, allowing for strategic balancing of these factors, including a controller that adjusts charging rates and times based on utility provider indications to reduce power supply reductions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If electric vehicles are connected to the power grid for charging at the same time, then charging demand is met, but variable and large load is introduced causing peak and off-peak time differences
Solution Approach 1:
The controller receives indication from the utility provider about upcoming power reduction periods and proactively adjusts charging schedules before peak demand occurs. Vehicles are instructed to charge at reduced rates or delay charging until after the power reduction period, preventing overloading during peak times while still meeting charging demands.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts charging rates based on real-time power supply conditions and utility provider indications. The controller modifies charging schedules flexibly, increasing charging rates when power supply is充足 and reducing or delaying charging when power supply is constrained, optimizing the balance between charging demand and power supply capacity.
2Speed
If charging rate is increased to meet vehicle demand, then charging speed improves, but power supply reduction is exacerbated during peak periods
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements periodic charging cycles that alternate between high-rate charging when power supply is充足 and reduced or suspended charging when power supply is constrained. The controller receives utility provider indications about upcoming power reduction periods and schedules high-rate charging during off-peak times, while using reduced charging rates or delays during peak periods, thus meeting overall charging demands without exacerbating power supply reductions.
3Quantity of substance
If additional power generators are deployed to accommodate EV charging, then power supply capacity increases, but system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system establishes a feedback loop where the controller receives indication from the utility provider about power supply capacity and upcoming power reduction periods. Based on this feedback, the controller automatically adjusts charging schedules, instructing vehicles to charge at reduced rates or delay charging until after power reduction periods. This feedback mechanism enables the system to accommodate EV charging demands using existing power supply capacity without requiring additional power generators.
Data Source
AI summary
A controller may, after receiving indication that an electric utility provider will reduce power supplied during an upcoming period of time, increase a cost of charge energy for vehicles that charge at a rate at least equal to a threshold rate during the upcoming period of time. The controller may also decrease the cost of charge energy for vehicles that avoid charging or charge at a rate less than the threshold rate during the upcoming period of time.