EV Charging Authentication via Power Line Communication
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing charging systems for electric vehicles do not adequately prevent theft, as thieves can continuously charge stolen vehicles using household power supplies, even with authentication systems like IC cards, since these systems can be compromised if the owner is not careful.
Innovation Solution
A charging system that employs an ID box connected to the household power supply and the vehicle's charging control ECU, using power line communication for authentication, where the ID box must be present to enable charging, making it difficult for thieves to steal and use the vehicle, and potentially incorporating magnetic induction for charging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If IC card authentication is used for battery charging, then charging authorization is improved, but anti-theft capability is insufficient because the IC card can be stolen
Solution Approach 1:
The authentication system is segmented into two separate components: the IC card held by the user and the ID box installed in the vehicle. Both components are required simultaneously for authentication, dividing the security function into distributed parts that must work together. This segmentation ensures that stealing only the IC card is insufficient for vehicle theft.
Solution Approach 2:
The ID box acts as an intermediary device between the IC card and the charging control system. It receives authentication requests, verifies the IC card information, and controls the charging authorization. This intermediary adds an additional security layer that prevents direct unauthorized charging even if the IC card is compromised.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the ID box is installed in the house connected to household power supply, then anti-theft capability is improved by requiring the ID box for charging, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The ID box is designed to perform multiple functions: it serves as an authentication device, a communication interface, and a control unit for the charging system. By making the ID box multi-functional, the system reduces the need for separate dedicated devices for each function, thereby managing complexity while enhancing security.
Solution Approach 2:
The ID box automatically performs authentication verification and charging control without requiring manual intervention. It self-manages the authentication process by communicating with the charging control ECU and automatically authorizing or rejecting charging requests, reducing operational complexity.
3Reliability
If power line communication is used for authentication between ID box and charging control ECU, then authentication reliability is improved without radio wave interference, but communication distance is limited to household power supply network
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces wireless radio communication with wired power line communication for authentication data transmission. This substitution eliminates radio wave interference issues and improves authentication reliability by using the existing power supply infrastructure as a communication medium, though it limits communication to the household power network scope.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Significantly increases the anti-theft capability of electric vehicles by requiring the thief to steal both the vehicle and the ID box, reducing motivation for theft and ensuring reliable authentication without radio wave interference issues.
Implementation Method 1
an ID box 22 which performs authentication with the charging control ECU 11
Implementation Method 2
potentially incorporating magnetic induction for charging
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2~3
Figure 4
AI summary
A charging system that significantly increases the anti-theft capability of a charging subject. The charging subject (1) includes a rechargeable battery (6). The rechargeable battery (6) of the charging subject (1) is connected to a power supply (19) of a house by power lines (20, 18). An authentication management device (22) performs authentication of the charging subject (1) by communicating with the charging subject (1) through the power lines (20, 18) and permits charging of the rechargeable battery (6) with the power supply (19) of the house only when the authentication is established.