Wireless EV Charging Base Station Handoff
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Solution Overview
Problem
Mobile inductive charging systems for electric vehicles face inefficiencies due to the time-consuming process of establishing communication with multiple clusters of charging pads, leading to reduced charging time and increased infrastructure burden, as well as potential electricity wastage from constant pad operation.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a wireless vehicle charging system with base stations that facilitate handoff between clusters by transmitting information about vehicle identification, charging capabilities, and path data, allowing for seamless communication and authorization, thereby optimizing charging efficiency and reducing the need for repeated handshakes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the vehicle establishes communication with every cluster of charging pads it comes across, then charging authorization and support are managed, but communication setup time increases and charging efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The base station receives and stores vehicle information (identification, charging capabilities, path data) before the vehicle actually arrives at the charging location. This preliminary action allows the vehicle to skip communication setup when entering the charging zone, as authorization is already prepared. The system performs the communication handshake in advance, eliminating time loss during actual charging.
2Ease of operation
If charging pads operate constantly to be ready for vehicles, then charging availability is improved, but electricity is wasted
Solution Approach 1:
The charging pads transition from a static constant-operation state to a dynamic on-demand state. The base station activates specific charging pads only when a vehicle is detected approaching or entering the charging zone, based on received path data and location information. This dynamic control eliminates energy waste from constantly operating pads while maintaining charging availability when needed.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple clusters of charging pads are deployed to cover vehicle paths, then charging coverage is improved, but infrastructure complexity and burden increase
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple charging pad clusters are merged into a unified system managed by a central base station. Instead of each cluster operating independently with separate communication protocols, the base station consolidates information reception, processing, and authorization for all clusters. This merging reduces overall infrastructure complexity while maintaining broad charging coverage across multiple locations.
4Reliability
If communication handshaking is repeated at each charging cluster, then local authorization is ensured, but charging time is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The base station performs authorization preparation in advance by receiving vehicle information and pre-establishing charging permissions before the vehicle reaches each cluster. When the vehicle enters a charging zone, the authorization is already validated, eliminating the need for repeated handshaking at each cluster. This maintains security while maximizing charging time efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances charging efficiency by minimizing communication setup time and optimizing energy use, allowing for continuous charging as the vehicle moves between clusters, reducing infrastructure load and improving overall mobility charging capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
charging pads (with inductive coils) in a road surface. The charging pads are connected to a power source and convert electrical energy from the power source into an electromagnetic field.
Implementation Method 2
The recipient coils on the electric vehicle driving over the charging pads convert the electromagnetic field to electrical energy that is used to charge the vehicle battery while the electric vehicle is driving on the road.
Data Source
AI summary
A wireless vehicle charging system includes a first cluster of charging pads wired to one another and configured to convert electrical energy to an electromagnetic field. The system further includes a first base station in communication with the first cluster of charging pads. The first base station is programmed to receive information from an electric vehicle and transmit the information to a second base station in communication with a second cluster of charging pads in a path of the electric vehicle.