EV Charging Station Battery Buffer for Grid Peak Shaving
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric car charging stations face high demand on the power grid during simultaneous quick charging, leading to potential overloading and the need for systems that can efficiently utilize AC power grids and alleviate instantaneous overloading.
Innovation Solution
The proposed system integrates an AC electric grid power supply, a battery power system, and an electrical energy control module, which includes a switch component, voltage and current sampling circuits, and a step-up circuit to manage energy distribution, allowing the battery packs to supplement the grid during high demand and provide backup power during grid failures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple electric cars undergo quick charge simultaneously at a battery charging station, then the charging speed and service capability are improved, but the current demand on the power grid becomes extremely large causing overloading
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-charging battery packs at the charging station before peak demand periods. The system charges battery packs during off-peak hours when grid load is low, then uses these pre-charged batteries to supply power during high-demand quick charging operations, thereby avoiding grid overloading while maintaining high charging speed capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary energy storage system (battery packs at the charging station) between the power grid and the electric cars being charged. This intermediary buffer absorbs the mismatch between grid supply capacity and peak charging demand, allowing multiple cars to be quickly charged without directly overloading the grid.
2Device complexity
If the charging system relies solely on the AC power grid, then the system complexity is reduced, but the system cannot handle high demand situations or grid failures
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements multi-functionality by designing a hybrid charging system that can operate in multiple modes: normal grid-powered charging, battery-supplemented charging during peak demand, and battery-only operation during grid failures. The battery packs serve dual purposes as both energy storage for load management and backup power source, enhancing system reliability without excessive complexity.
3Reliability
If battery packs are added to the charging system to manage peak demand, then the power supply reliability is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by implementing automatic control systems that manage the battery packs and energy flow without requiring complex manual intervention. The system automatically monitors grid conditions, battery charge states, and charging demands, then autonomously decides when to charge/discharge batteries and how to allocate power, simplifying the overall system architecture despite the added components.
Data Source
AI summary
This invention discloses a type of charging system for electric cars which includes an AC electric grid power supply system and an electric car charging equipment. The AC electric grid power supply system couples energy outputs to the electric car charging equipment; its characteristics are: it also includes an battery power system and an electrical energy control module. The electrical energy input of the battery power system is controlled by and connected to the AC electric grid power supply system. The output is controlled by the electrical energy control module and coupled to the electric car charging equipment. With the addition of one or more battery packs to the battery charging system, instantaneous current increase can be provided through the use of the battery packs in order to alleviate the demand on the electric grid. The design capacity of the battery charging system is more ideal and it reduces the instantaneous capacity overload. Meanwhile when the external electric grid fails, it can rely on the battery packs to charge electric cars and thus resolving any urgent charging needs.