EV Charging Preheating for Battery Range Preservation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Unfavorable operating conditions of the traction battery and electric drive train after external charging reduce the range of electric vehicles, as the thermal management system consumes electrical energy stored in the battery, and existing methods for kinetic energy recuperation do not always ensure complete energy storage.
Innovation Solution
A method where the electric vehicle's heating device is operated using electrical energy from a stationary charging station before disconnection, preheating the traction battery and drive train components to optimal operating temperatures, thereby increasing efficiency and range without consuming battery energy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the heating device is operated using electrical energy from the battery during external charging, then the traction battery and drive train components are preheated to optimal operating temperatures, but the available energy for propulsion is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The heating device is operated during external charging before the vehicle is driven, preheating the traction battery and drive train components to optimal operating temperatures in advance. This preliminary action ensures that when the vehicle starts moving, the components are already at optimal temperatures without consuming battery energy during driving, thus resolving the contradiction between achieving optimal temperature and preserving propulsion energy
2Loss of energy
If kinetic energy is recuperated during braking, then the traction battery is charged, but the recuperated energy cannot always be completely stored and may not be sufficient for thermal management needs
Solution Approach 1:
The stationary charging device acts as an intermediary energy source during external charging. Instead of relying solely on the uncertain recuperated energy from braking, the system uses the stationary charging device to provide stable electrical energy that can reliably charge the traction battery and power the heating device, thus resolving the contradiction between energy recovery and reliable energy storage for thermal management
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach ensures favorable operating conditions at the start of travel, increasing the electric vehicle's range and potentially eliminating the need for mid-trip recharging, enhancing user satisfaction by maintaining battery energy for propulsion.
Implementation Method 1
a heating device is operated with electrical energy provided by the charging station before the electric vehicle is disconnected from the charging station
Implementation Method 2
the electric motor is operated as a generator when the electric vehicle requests braking. In the generator mode, which is also referred to as recuperation or recuperating, the driven wheels of the electric vehicle are braked by means of a torque provided by the electric motor, and kinetic energy of the electric vehicle is converted into electrical energy by the electric motor and the power electronics
Data Source
AI summary
A method for charging an electric vehicle. A traction battery of an electric vehicle connected to a stationary charging device is charged by the stationary charging device and a heating device of the electric vehicle is operated with electrical energy provided by the charging station, in particular predictively, as well as an electric vehicle.