EV Charging Connector Insulation and Temperature Monitoring

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current electric vehicle charging connectors have inadequate dielectric design and temperature monitoring, leading to safety concerns and inefficiencies, with insufficient creepage distance and reliance on inaccurate temperature measurement methods.

Innovation Solution

The design eliminates screws near live parts, using a connector housing with a mating interface structure and contact pin inserts secured by abutment or tongue-and-groove joints, providing a large creepage distance and improved temperature monitoring through thermocouple pockets, ensuring secure positioning and assembly without metal fasteners.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If screws are used to secure contact pins in the connector, then assembly is simplified, but dielectric strength is reduced due to small creepage distance and risk of flashovers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveassembly simplicityVSAvoiddielectric strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes screws and metal fasteners from the connector design, extracting the harmful metallic elements that compromise dielectric strength. Contact pins are secured through interference fits, press fits, or integration with insulating parts rather than metallic fasteners, thereby eliminating flashover risks while maintaining assembly feasibility through alternative securing mechanisms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces insulating parts as intermediary elements between contact pins and the connector housing. These insulating parts serve as mediators that provide both mechanical support and electrical insulation, allowing contact pins to be secured without direct metal-to-metal contact that would reduce creepage distance and compromise dielectric strength.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Device complexity

If a single insulation concept with small creepage distance is used, then device complexity is reduced, but safety is compromised due to risk of flashovers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinsulation structureVSAvoidflashover risk
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs composite construction combining insulating materials with structural components. The connector housing integrates insulating parts made from materials with high dielectric strength and appropriate creepage characteristics, creating a composite structure that simultaneously provides mechanical support and electrical insulation, thereby achieving both safety and reasonable complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent increases creepage distance by utilizing three-dimensional spatial arrangement rather than relying solely on two-dimensional surface tracking. Insulating parts are positioned and dimensioned to create adequate clearance and creepage paths in multiple directions, effectively increasing dielectric strength without proportionally increasing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Extent of automation

If thermocouples are placed on cables or non-exchangeable parts, then temperature monitoring is implemented, but measurement precision is insufficient for accurate contact material temperature

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature monitoringVSAvoidcontact material temperature accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the temperature sensing function from remote locations (cables or non-exchangeable parts) and places thermocouples directly on exchangeable contact pins. This extraction of the sensing element to its optimal position enables direct measurement of contact material temperature, significantly improving measurement precision while maintaining automated monitoring capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables exchangeable contact pins to self-monitor their own temperature through integrated thermocouples. Each contact pin becomes self-aware of its thermal state, providing accurate real-time temperature data without requiring external sensing infrastructure, thereby improving both measurement precision and system automation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enhances dielectric strength, safety, and assembly ease while achieving a significantly larger creepage distance and accurate temperature monitoring, reducing the risk of flashovers and improving connector reliability.

Implementation Method 1

a first thermocouple for measurement of a temperature of the positive contact pin and a second thermocouple for measurement of a temperature of the negative contact pin

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

thermocouple for measurement of a temperature

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSeebeck effect: Seebeck Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3770006B1Electrical vehicle charging system for charging an electrical vehicle
Publication Date: 2023.10.04 ABB E-MOBILITY BV
  • EP3770006B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3770006B1 patent drawingFigure 2~4
  • EP3770006B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

The invention relates to an electrical plug connector (1) for charging of electric vehicles, comprising a connector housing (2), a mating interface structure (3) supported and positioned within the connector housing (2), a positive contact pin (4) for connection with a positive conductor of a charging cable and a negative contact pin (5) for connection with a negative conductor of the charging cable, and a contact pin insert (6) supporting the positive contact pin (4) and/or the negative contact pin (5), wherein the positive contact pin (4) and/or the negative contact pin (5) are/is received and secured in position by the contact pin insert (6), and wherein the contact pin insert (6) is received within the mating interface structure (3).The invention further relates to a respective method.