Dynamic EV Charging Current Control via Grid Load Balancing

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Solution Overview

Problem

The increasing demand for electric vehicle charging poses challenges for grid capacity, as simultaneous charging can lead to high power demands that may cause blackouts, and existing technologies struggle to balance charging currents effectively across different charging stations from various manufacturers.

Innovation Solution

A computer device is used to control charging currents of electric vehicles through internet-based communications, allowing for dynamic management of charging power by grouping stations hierarchically and adjusting maximum currents based on the number of vehicles, ensuring maximum available current is provided while not exceeding capacity, regardless of station location or manufacturer.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If multiple electric vehicles charge simultaneously at high power, then charging speed and user satisfaction improve, but grid capacity is exceeded causing blackouts and instability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharging speedVSAvoidgrid stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic current adjustment by continuously monitoring the number of charging vehicles and automatically modifying the maximum charging current accordingly. The system transitions from static fixed current limits to dynamic adaptive current control, allowing the charging infrastructure to respond in real-time to changing load conditions and maintain grid stability while maximizing charging speed when capacity permits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the operating parameters of charging stations by adjusting the maximum charging current based on the number of active charging vehicles. When fewer vehicles are charging, higher current parameters are permitted; when more vehicles charge simultaneously, the maximum current parameter is reduced to prevent grid overload, thus resolving the contradiction between charging speed and grid stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If charging current is limited to protect grid capacity, then grid stability is maintained, but charging power and user satisfaction decrease

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegrid stabilityVSAvoidcharging power
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

Rather than applying static current limits that permanently reduce charging power, the system uses dynamic adjustment where the current limit adapts to real-time conditions. When grid capacity is available and fewer vehicles are charging, the system permits higher charging power. The limitation is temporary and conditional, not permanent, thus maintaining user satisfaction while protecting grid stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The charging system automatically monitors its own load conditions and self-regulates the maximum charging current without external intervention. The computer device detecting the number of charging vehicles triggers automatic current adjustment, allowing the system to serve itself in managing its own power distribution and eliminating the need for manual intervention or external grid control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Ease of operation

If a centralized system controls all charging stations, then charging current balance and grid load distribution improve, but system complexity and communication requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharging current balanceVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a universal communication protocol that enables different charging station models from various manufacturers to interoperate through a common interface. This multi-functional communication system handles multiple tasks including vehicle detection, current calculation, and control commands, reducing the need for proprietary specialized systems and simplifying the overall control architecture while maintaining centralized coordination benefits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The computer device serves as an intermediary between the grid and multiple charging stations, translating grid capacity requirements into station-specific control commands. This mediator approach simplifies the complexity by providing a single point of coordination that manages current distribution across the network, rather than requiring complex peer-to-peer communication between all charging stations and the grid simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Adaptability or versatility

If different charging station models from various manufacturers are integrated, then system versatility and coverage improve, but communication compatibility and control standardization become challenging

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecharging station compatibilityVSAvoidcommunication protocol complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements a universal communication protocol that functions across multiple charging station models and manufacturers. This single standardized interface performs multiple functions including vehicle presence detection, charging parameter negotiation, and current control, eliminating the need for manufacturer-specific communication systems and reducing overall system complexity despite the diversity of integrated charging stations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP3710306B1Controlling electric vehicle charging currents
Publication Date: 2021.12.29 LIIKENNEVIRTA OY VIRTA LTD
  • EP3710306B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3710306B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP3710306B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

According to an aspect, there is provided a computer device configured to control charging currents of at least a first charging station of an electric vehicle and at least a second charging station of an electric vehicle by internet based communications, wherein the charging stations are from different manufacturers, and wherein the charging stations are wirelessly coupled to the computer device.