EV Charging Device Without Galvanic Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing charging systems for electric vehicles are inefficient in charging and discharging traction batteries due to the need for galvanic isolation, which results in energy losses and limited boosting capabilities.
Innovation Solution
A charging device and system that eliminates galvanic isolation by using a chain of DC-DC converters and a connection node to facilitate efficient charging and discharging between any DC power source and traction battery, enabling multidirectional energy flow and boosting from multiple current sources.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If galvanic isolation is used in the charging system, then safety and electrical isolation are improved, but energy losses increase and efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the galvanic isolation component from the charging system, extracting the harmful element that caused energy losses while maintaining system functionality through alternative connection methods between the charging device and traction battery
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the charging device directly with the traction battery system, eliminating the intermediate galvanic isolation barrier and enabling direct electrical connection that reduces energy losses while maintaining safety through control mechanisms
2Reliability
If galvanic isolation is used in the charging system, then electrical safety is improved, but charging power and boosting capabilities are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the galvanic isolation component that was limiting power transmission capabilities, enabling higher charging powers and boosting capabilities while maintaining safety through alternative design approaches
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a universal charging system that can handle multiple power levels and configurations without being constrained by galvanic isolation, allowing the same system to perform both standard charging and high-power boosting operations
3Adaptability or versatility
If a complex multi-converter system is used, then charging functionality is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes unnecessary converter stages and simplifies the system architecture by eliminating the complex multi-converter configuration, reducing device complexity while preserving essential charging functionality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent designs a universal charging device that can perform multiple charging functions (standard charging, fast charging, boosting) through a single simplified configuration rather than requiring separate complex converter systems for each function
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances efficiency by eliminating energy losses from galvanic isolation, allowing for increased charging power and flexible energy flow directions, including simultaneous charging from multiple sources, thereby improving overall system efficiency and boosting capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
a first DC-DC converter; wherein the first DC-DC converter can be coupled with a DC power source and is coupled with the connection node
Implementation Method 2
a rectifier; wherein the rectifier can be coupled with the power plug and is coupled with the second DC-DC converter
Implementation Method 3
a second DC-DC converter; wherein the connection node is coupled with the vehicle plug; the connection node being connected between the second DC-DC converter and the vehicle plug
Data Source
AI summary
A charging device for electrically charging and discharging a traction battery in an electric vehicle, comprises a first DC-DC converter; a vehicle plug; a power plug or network connection; a rectifier; a second DC-DC converter; a connection node; wherein the first DC-DC converter can be coupled with a DC power source and is coupled with the connection node; the rectifier can be coupled with the power plug and is coupled with the second DC-DC converter; and the connection node is coupled with the vehicle plug. The object of providing such a charging device with improved efficiency is achieved in that the connection node is connected between the second DC-DC converter and the vehicle plug.