EV Charging Communication Using Battery Nominal Zone Scheduling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Charging electric vehicles poses challenges in managing battery degradation due to high current and power requirements, necessitating improved methods to extend battery lifetime while ensuring safety and efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A method of EV battery nominal zone-aware charging communication is implemented, utilizing a supply equipment communication controller (SECC) to establish a communication connection with an EV communication controller (EVCC), estimate battery nominal zones, and plan charging schedules to prevent battery degradation by adhering to defined SOC boundaries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If high current and power are used for charging electric vehicles, then charging efficiency and power delivery are improved, but battery degradation accelerates and lifetime is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic control of charging parameters by continuously monitoring battery state (temperature, charge level, current) and adjusting charging current and power in real-time. The controller modifies charging rates based on battery conditions, transitioning between different charging phases (bulk, absorption, maintenance) to optimize both charging efficiency and battery protection, resolving the contradiction between high-power charging and battery longevity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes physical parameters of the charging process (current, voltage, power, temperature) throughout the charging cycle. By varying these parameters dynamically - reducing current when battery approaches full charge, adjusting voltage based on battery acceptance, and monitoring temperature to prevent thermal runaway - the system achieves efficient charging while preventing degradation mechanisms associated with constant high-current charging
2Loss of time
If charging time is reduced for faster service, then productivity is improved, but battery safety risks increase due to higher current requirements
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs periodic charging cycles with alternating high-current and low-current phases. The system uses pulsed charging patterns where high current is applied intermittently followed by rest periods or lower current phases, allowing thermal management and preventing continuous stress on the battery. This periodic approach reduces overall charging time while maintaining safety by avoiding sustained high-current exposure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements preventive safety measures before hazardous conditions develop. The controller monitors battery parameters continuously and preemptively reduces current or terminates charging when approaching safety thresholds (temperature limits, voltage thresholds, charge state boundaries). This cushioning approach prevents safety incidents while enabling aggressive charging protocols that minimize charging time
3Ease of operation
If battery charging/discharging operates without nominal zone constraints, then ease of operation is improved, but battery degradation accelerates due to exceeding optimal operating ranges
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables the battery system to self-regulate within nominal zones through automated controller logic. The system automatically determines appropriate charging/discharging boundaries based on battery type, age, and conditions, then enforces these constraints without user intervention. Users simply initiate charging without needing to understand or set nominal zone parameters, maintaining ease of operation while the system self-manages degradation prevention through intelligent constraint enforcement
Data Source
AI summary
A method of electric vehicle (EV) battery nominal zone-aware charging communication executed by an supply equipment communication controller (SECC) of an EV supply equipment (EVSE), the SECC establishes a communication connection with an EVCC of an EV, and the method includes the following: (a) receiving a service selection message from the EVCC; (b) receiving a battery characteristics report request message from the EVCC; (c) based on the messages received from the EVCC, estimating a nominal zone of the battery for charging and discharging and planning a charging schedule for EV battery nominal zone-aware charging; (d) during the charging and discharging of the battery, the SECC receives from the EVCC a present state of charge (SOC) of the battery and a present status of the battery to execute the charging schedule for the EV battery nominal zone-aware charging, so as to avoid accelerated battery degradation and to extend battery lifetime.