EV Charging Load Balancing via Phase Voltage Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge is to manage the load on a three-phase energy supply network when multiple electric vehicles are charged simultaneously, as uneven distribution can lead to network overload and potential failures, with drivers unable to determine the load on the phase their vehicle is connected to.
Innovation Solution
A system that includes a measuring device to determine charging voltage characteristics, an evaluation device to extract relevant variables, and a communication device to share these with other vehicles, allowing a control device to adjust charging power based on the phase position and magnitude of the charging voltage, thereby balancing the network load without user intervention.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple electric vehicles are charged simultaneously from a three-phase network, then the charging capacity and productivity increase, but the network load becomes unbalanced leading to phase overload and potential network failure
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously measures the charging voltage at the charging interface to determine characteristic variables including phase position and magnitude. This measurement feedback is communicated to other vehicles in real-time, enabling dynamic adjustment of charging power based on actual network conditions to prevent phase overload while maintaining high charging capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The charging power is dynamically adjusted based on real-time phase load conditions. When a phase becomes overloaded, the system automatically reduces charging power for vehicles connected to that phase and redirects power to underloaded phases, creating a dynamic load balancing mechanism that maintains network reliability during simultaneous charging of multiple vehicles
2Ease of operation
If single-phase charging stations are evenly distributed across three phases, then the network load is balanced on average, but local asymmetrical load can still occur when multiple vehicles connect to the same phase
Solution Approach 1:
Each electric vehicle is equipped with a measuring device that autonomously determines the phase position and magnitude of the charging voltage. The vehicle's control system automatically communicates this information to other vehicles and adjusts its own charging power without external intervention, enabling self-service load balancing that reduces the need for complex centralized control infrastructure
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary measurement of charging voltage characteristics and phase position before charging begins. This advance information is communicated to other vehicles, allowing proactive load distribution decisions to be made before asymmetrical loading occurs, preventing network overload rather than reacting to it
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a system for charging an electric vehicle, comprising a measuring device which is designed to measure a charge voltage on a charging interface of the electric vehicle, an evaluation device which is designed to determine first characteristic variables from the measured charge voltage, a communication device which is designed to transfer the first characteristic variables to other electric vehicles and/or to capture, from the other electric vehicles, second characteristic variables relating to charge voltages of the other electric vehicles, a control device which is designed to control, in accordance with the first and/or second characteristic variables, the charge power withdrawn from an energy supply network by the electric vehicle by means of the charging interface. The invention also relates to an electric vehicle and a a method.