EV Charging Infrastructure Power Exchange Control for Peak Grid Load
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Solution Overview
Problem
The challenge lies in coordinating the variable and often unpredictable demand for charging electric vehicles with the variable supply situation of the electrical supply network, ensuring efficient energy management and minimizing peak demand.
Innovation Solution
A method is proposed that involves predefining an energy predefinition and power limitation for the charging infrastructure, which determines the exchange power profile between the charging infrastructure and the electrical supply network. This profile is then split into partial exchange powers for individual electric vehicles, taking into account their states of charge and power limitations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If electric vehicles are charged according to their variable and unpredictable demand, then the charging service quality is improved, but the burden on the electrical supply network increases during peak times
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by having electric vehicles return to the depot before peak demand periods to charge their batteries. The charging infrastructure proactively manages battery charging schedules to ensure vehicles are ready for departure while avoiding peak grid load periods, thus improving service quality without overburdening the network during high-demand times.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts charging strategies based on real-time conditions including vehicle availability, battery states of charge, and electrical supply network status. The control system continuously optimizes power exchange between the charging infrastructure, vehicle batteries, and the electrical supply network, allowing flexible adaptation to variable demand while managing peak load burden.
2Use of energy by moving object
If the charging infrastructure procures energy in advance during off-peak periods, then price advantages are achieved, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The charging infrastructure serves multiple functions: it charges electric vehicles, stores energy in vehicle batteries, and acts as a buffer between the electrical supply network and the vehicles. This multi-functionality allows the system to procure energy during off-peak periods, store it in vehicle batteries, and then supply power during peak periods, achieving price advantages without requiring separate storage infrastructure, thus limiting the increase in system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system utilizes the electric vehicles themselves as mobile energy storage devices. The vehicle batteries serve dual purposes: propelling the vehicles and storing excess energy procured during off-peak periods. This self-service approach eliminates the need for dedicated stationary storage systems, reducing overall system complexity while still enabling strategic energy procurement during low-cost periods.
3Stability of the object's composition
If the exchange power profile is predefined to manage peak demand, then the electrical supply network stability is improved, but the flexibility to accommodate variable vehicle arrivals decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The exchange power profile is dynamically adjusted based on actual vehicle arrivals, battery states of charge, and network conditions. While a predefined profile provides a framework for managing peak demand and maintaining network stability, the system continuously adapts the actual power exchange to accommodate variable vehicle arrivals and changing conditions, thus preserving both network stability and operational flexibility.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates feedback mechanisms that monitor actual vehicle arrivals, battery charge levels, and electrical supply network status in real-time. This feedback enables the control system to adjust the exchange power profile dynamically, ensuring that predefined stability targets are met while accommodating the inherent variability in vehicle arrival patterns and maintaining optimal charging strategies.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method for controlling an exchange power between a charging infrastructure and an electrical supply network. A plurality of power units for outputting or taking up electrical power are connectable to the charging infrastructure in order to exchange electrical power between the power units and the electrical supply network via the charging infrastructure. The method includes determining an energy predefinition for a control time period, predefining a power limitation, and predefining an exchange power profile depending on the energy predefinition and the power limitation. The method includes determining partial exchange powers for the power units. A sum of the partial exchange powers substantially corresponds to the exchange power, determining the partial exchange powers is effected depending on states of charge of the power units, and determining the partial exchange powers is effected taking account of partial power limits of the power units.