EV Charging Circuit With Series-Parallel DC/DC Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing charging apparatuses for electric vehicles have a large volume due to the need for a wide range of charging voltage outputs and anti-backflow requirements, resulting in a high number of components and increased costs.
Innovation Solution
A charging circuit comprising at least two groups of DC/DC converters, one or two groups of relay switches, and diodes, configured to connect in series or parallel based on the charging voltage range, along with a control circuit to manage the connections, reduces the component count and volume while maintaining wide voltage output and anti-backflow functionality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a switch circuit and anti-backflow circuit are added to meet wide range output and anti-backflow requirements, then the charging apparatus can satisfy different charging voltage ranges and prevent current backflow, but the number of components increases and the volume becomes large
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the switch circuit and anti-backflow circuit into a single integrated circuit structure. The relay switch and diode are mutually coupled and share common connection points with the DC/DC converters, eliminating the need for separate switch circuits and anti-backflow circuits. This merging reduces the total component count while maintaining both the wide voltage range output capability and the anti-backflow function.
Solution Approach 2:
The relay switch serves multiple functions: it acts as both a switching element for voltage range selection and works in conjunction with the diode to provide anti-backflow protection. The diode is positioned to prevent current backflow while the relay switch configures the DC/DC converters for different output voltage ranges (200-500V for passenger vehicles, 300-750V for buses). This multi-functionality reduces the overall component count.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a large quantity of components are used to implement wide range output and anti-backflow functions, then the charging apparatus can meet diverse charging requirements, but the power density decreases and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
By merging the switch and anti-backflow circuits into one integrated structure with shared components, the patent reduces the total component count. This reduction in component quantity directly increases the power density of the charging apparatus, as fewer components mean less space occupied by non-power-generating elements and lower overall costs.
3Adaptability or versatility
If separate switch circuit and anti-backflow circuit are used, then the charging apparatus can control conversion circuit for wide range output and prevent current backflow, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges two previously separate circuits (switch circuit and anti-backflow circuit) into a single integrated circuit. The relay switch and diode are mutually coupled and share common connection points, reducing the overall circuit complexity while maintaining both the wide voltage range control capability and the anti-backflow protection function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution achieves a compact charging apparatus with improved power density and reduced costs by using fewer components while meeting the requirements for different electric vehicle charging voltage ranges and preventing backflow currents.
Implementation Method 1
The diode is configured to prevent a current of a storage battery in the electric vehicle from flowing back
Implementation Method 2
The relay switch is configured to connect the at least two groups of DC/DC converters in series when a first voltage is in a first threshold range. The relay switch is further configured to connect the at least two groups of DC/DC converters in parallel when the first voltage is in a second threshold range
Implementation Method 3
A first aspect provides a charging circuit. The charging circuit may include at least two groups of direct current (DC)/DC converters... The DC/DC converter may convert a first direct current into a second direct current
Data Source
AI summary
A charging circuit includes at least two groups of DC/DC converters, at least one group of relay switches, and at least one diode that are mutually coupled. The relay switch is configured to connect the at least two groups of DC/DC converters in series when a first voltage is in a first threshold range. The first voltage is a charging voltage of an electric vehicle. The relay switch is further configured to connect the at least two groups of DC/DC converters in parallel when the first voltage is in a second threshold range. The diode is configured to prevent a current of a storage battery in the electric vehicle from flowing back. In embodiments of this application, a volume of a charging apparatus can be reduced.