Off-Grid EV Charging Power Distribution With Dynamic Source Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing off-grid electric vehicle (EV) charging systems face challenges in efficiently and effectively delivering power to EV batteries, particularly in rural or remote settings where logistical hurdles hinder the installation of traditional charging stations, and mobile charging stations struggle to balance power generation and delivery.
Innovation Solution
A power distribution system comprising a gas engine generator, an array of accumulator batteries, a DC-DC converter, and a controller that dynamically balances and controls the power generation and delivery to EV batteries, utilizing natural gas or hydrogen fuel and renewable energy sources, with a battery management system to optimize charging efficiency and extend system lifetime.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If a gas engine generator is used to generate power for EV charging, then power supply capability is improved, but system complexity and operational control difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the gas engine generator, battery array, and DC-DC converter into an integrated power distribution system. The controller merges the control of multiple power sources and the charging port into a unified system, allowing the GEG and battery array to work together as a coordinated power supply unit rather than separate systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The DC-DC converter acts as an intermediary component between the power generation sources (GEG and battery array) and the EV charging port. It mediates the power flow, converting and regulating the combined output from both sources into the appropriate format for EV charging, thereby simplifying the overall system architecture.
2Reliability
If the GEG operates continuously to ensure power supply, then reliability is improved, but energy efficiency deteriorates due to unnecessary operation
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts the operational state of the gas engine generator based on real-time power demands and battery charge levels. The controller monitors system conditions and activates or deactivates the GEG accordingly, transitioning from static continuous operation to dynamic on-demand operation that balances reliability with energy efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller implements feedback control by continuously monitoring the battery array charge state, power demand from the charging port, and GEG operational status. This feedback loop enables the system to make real-time decisions about GEG operation, ensuring it runs only when necessary to maintain power supply reliability while avoiding unnecessary energy consumption.
3Power
If multiple power sources are combined, then power delivery capability is improved, but control difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements self-service control where the controller automatically manages the coordination between the gas engine generator and battery array without external intervention. The controller independently determines optimal power distribution, activates appropriate power sources, and regulates output based on charging requirements, making the complex multi-source system as easy to operate as a single-source system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system improves the efficiency, safety, and lifetime of EV charging by dynamically balancing power sources, optimizing charging based on EV battery requirements, and reducing unnecessary GEG operation, thus providing a versatile and efficient off-grid charging solution.
Implementation Method 1
The gas engine generator, GEG, configured to generate a first current output
Implementation Method 2
a direct current to direct current, DC-DC, converter configured to receive the first and second current outputs and to output a regulated power supply
Data Source
AI summary
A power distribution system (100, 200) is disclosed, comprising: a charging port (110, 210) for connection to an electric vehicle, EV, battery; a gas engine generator, GEG, (102, 202) configured to generate a first current output; an array (104, 204) of accumulator batteries configured to generate a second current output; a direct current to direct current, DC-DC, converter (106, 206) configured to receive the first and second current outputs and to output a regulated power supply to the charging port; and a controller (108, 208) configured to independently control: the GEG to determine the first current output; the array to determine the second current output; and the DC-DC converter to determine the regulated power supply.