EV Dual-Battery Power Control for Range and Charging Time
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Solution Overview
Problem
Electric vehicles face challenges with long battery charging times and reduced mileage due to increased battery capacity, which also raises vehicle weight and cost, and the complexity of replacing large-capacity batteries poses safety and infrastructure issues.
Innovation Solution
A power control method for electric vehicles that prioritizes discharging the swap battery when needed and charging the main battery when possible, using a charge and discharge management controller to optimize power usage based on maximum charge and discharge powers of both batteries, ensuring the State of Charge (SOC) of the main battery is maintained.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Length of moving object
If battery capacity is increased to extend driving distance, then driving range is improved, but vehicle weight increases and charging time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The battery system is divided into two separate batteries: a main battery that remains in the vehicle and a swap battery that can be exchanged. This segmentation allows the vehicle to maintain a smaller main battery (reducing weight) while having access to additional battery capacity through the swap battery, thus extending driving range without permanently increasing vehicle weight.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes the effective battery capacity parameter by switching between using only the main battery, only the swap battery, or both batteries in combination. This allows the vehicle to adjust its power supply configuration based on driving needs, achieving extended range when necessary without the permanent weight penalty of a continuously large battery.
2Length of moving object
If battery capacity is increased to extend driving distance, then driving range is improved, but charging time increases
Solution Approach 1:
By separating the battery system into main and swap batteries, the vehicle can perform quick swaps instead of lengthy charging operations. The swap battery can be rapidly exchanged at infrastructure stations, significantly reducing the time penalty associated with obtaining additional range compared to charging a large-capacity battery.
Solution Approach 2:
The swap battery can be pre-charged at infrastructure stations before being installed in the vehicle. This preliminary charging action allows the vehicle to access fully charged battery capacity without waiting for on-vehicle charging, effectively decoupling range extension from charging time.
3Adaptability or versatility
If large-capacity battery replacement infrastructure is established, then driving range flexibility is improved, but infrastructure cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The infrastructure requirement is segmented into standardized battery swap stations rather than requiring complex fast-charging facilities. The standardized swap battery design with uniform mechanical and electrical interfaces simplifies infrastructure deployment and reduces per-station costs, making the system more economically viable while maintaining driving range flexibility.
Data Source
AI summary
A power control method of an electric vehicle, includes determining whether the vehicle is started, and controlling discharging of a main battery to be performed after discharging a swap battery, or controlling charging of the swap battery to be performed after charging the main battery according to whether the vehicle is started, based on maximum charge and discharge powers of each of the main battery and the swap battery.