EV Heating Control System Using HVA Source for Cabin Deficit
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Solution Overview
Problem
The heating system in electric and hybrid vehicles often faces heating deficits, particularly at low external temperatures, where the heat pump and auxiliary heater are insufficient to meet passenger compartment heating demands, leading to reduced comfort and inefficiencies.
Innovation Solution
A control system that activates the high-voltage accumulator (HVA) heating source to supplement the auxiliary heater and heat pump, forming an extended HVA circuit to transfer heat from the HVA circuit into the heating circuit, ensuring efficient and demand-based heating by determining heating deficits through temperature differences or heating capacity comparisons.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If the heat pump and auxiliary heater are used to heat the passenger compartment, then the heating system operates with standard components, but a heating deficit occurs at low external temperatures
Solution Approach 1:
The HVA heating source is designed to serve dual purposes: heating the high-voltage accumulator and heating the passenger compartment. The control system enables the HVA heating source to dynamically switch between these functions based on thermal demand, allowing a single component to fulfill multiple heating roles and eliminate the need for separate dedicated heaters for each function.
2Reliability
If the auxiliary heater is oversized to compensate for heating deficits, then heating demand is always met, but system complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The HVA heating source serves as a universal heating component that can fulfill both the accumulator heating function and the passenger compartment heating function. By making this single component multi-functional through control system management, the patent avoids the need for oversized auxiliary heaters or additional dedicated heating components, thereby reducing system complexity while ensuring heating sufficiency.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the heat pump extracts heat from the HVA circuit, then the passenger compartment can be heated efficiently, but the HVA heating mode is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The control system dynamically manages the HVA circuit configuration based on real-time thermal demands. When passenger compartment heating is the priority, the heat pump extracts heat from the HVA circuit. When HVA heating is needed, the system reconfigures the circuit to prevent heat extraction. This dynamic adaptation allows the same thermal resource to serve different functions at different times, optimizing overall system efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The control system implements periodic switching between different operational modes: HVA heating mode, passenger compartment heating mode via heat pump, and auxiliary heater mode. This periodic action ensures that each heating function receives adequate thermal energy at appropriate intervals, balancing the competing demands of accumulator temperature maintenance and passenger comfort.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively compensates for heating deficits, providing efficient and appropriate heating for the passenger compartment, reducing the need for oversized auxiliary heaters and minimizing external heat uptake, while ensuring the high-voltage accumulator remains adequately heated.
Implementation Method 1
heat from the HVA heating source is transferred from the HVA circuit into the heating circuit by means of the heat pump
Implementation Method 2
heat is generated in the HVA circuit or is transmitted into said circuit
Implementation Method 3
heat is generated with an auxiliary heater in the heating circuit
Data Source
AI summary
A control system and method for a heating system of an electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle is embodied such that when there is a heating request for a high-voltage accumulator, an HVA heating mode is activated in which the high-voltage accumulator which is connected to an HVA circuit of the heating system is heated by an HVA heating source which is activated for this purpose so that heat is generated in the HVA circuit or transferred into the circuit. When there is a heating request for a passenger compartment of the vehicle, an air-conditioning heating mode is activated in which the passenger compartment is heated by a heating circuit, with heat which is generated in the heating circuit with an auxiliary heater or is transferred into the heating circuit with a heat pump, or both. When the air-conditioning heating mode is activated, it is determined whether or not there is a heating deficit which indicates whether the heating request can be completely satisfied with the auxiliary heater or with the heat pump or with both. If there is a heating deficit, an auxiliary heating mode is activated in which heat of the HVA heating source is transferred from the HVA circuit into the heating circuit by the heat pump in order to compensate the heating deficit.