Compact EV HVAC Thermal Packaging via Segmented Modules

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems are not suitable for electric vehicles due to size constraints in compact urban vehicles and safety concerns with high-voltage electric heaters, necessitating a compact and safe thermal management solution for maintaining passenger compartment comfort.

Innovation Solution

A thermal packaging system comprising a heat treatment module with an electric radiator and a motor-fan unit for aerothermal treatment of airflow, and a distribution module that secures the system on a separation wall, allowing airflow distribution to various zones without a heat exchanger in the distribution module, which reduces size and enhances safety.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a conventional heating, ventilation, and air conditioning facility is installed in the vehicle cabin, then thermal management function is provided, but the device size becomes too large for compact urban vehicles

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal management functionVSAvoidHVAC facility size
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The HVAC facility is divided into two separate modules: a heat treatment module containing the electric radiator and a distribution module. This segmentation allows each module to be optimized independently and reduces the overall space requirement compared to a conventional integrated HVAC system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The distribution module is mounted on the separation wall between the cockpit and motor compartment, utilizing vertical space and alternative mounting locations rather than traditional horizontal dashboard space. This dimensional repositioning reduces the footprint within the cabin.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If a high voltage electric heater is used for heating in an electric vehicle, then heating function is provided, but safety risks of electrocution increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating functionVSAvoidelectrocution risk
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The electric radiator (high voltage component) is completely separated from the distribution module (low voltage component) and mounted in different locations. The heat treatment module containing the high voltage electric heater is positioned in the motor compartment, while the distribution module is mounted on the separation wall, physically removing the electrocution hazard from the passenger cabin.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The separation wall acts as an intermediary barrier between the high voltage heat treatment module and the passenger cabin. This physical separation provides inherent safety isolation, preventing direct access to high voltage components while still allowing thermal management functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Volume of moving object

If the dashboard size is reduced to maintain interior space in compact vehicles, then passenger space is increased, but conventional HVAC facilities cannot be positioned

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterior spaceVSAvoidHVAC installation
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The distribution module is relocated from the traditional dashboard position to the separation wall between the cockpit and motor compartment. This alternative positioning utilizes previously underutilized space and eliminates the conflict with reduced dashboard dimensions while maintaining HVAC functionality.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

By separating the HVAC system into independently mountable modules, the distribution module can be installed on the separation wall rather than requiring dashboard integration, enabling flexible installation in compact vehicle configurations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Volume of moving object

If a compact thermal management system is implemented, then vehicle size is reduced, but temperature zone differentiation capability is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem sizeVSAvoidtemperature zone control
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The distribution module incorporates multiple independently controllable air outlets (upper zone outlet and lower zone outlet) that can deliver air at different temperatures. This local differentiation capability allows distinct temperature zones within the cabin while maintaining a compact overall system structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The distribution module is divided into separate air outlet zones (upper and lower) with independent control, enabling localized temperature management in different cabin regions without requiring a large distributed HVAC system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables efficient airflow temperature management within the compact vehicle cabin, ensuring comfort by providing distinct temperature zones while minimizing size and safety risks, allowing for reduced dimensions and safe operation.

Implementation Method 1

The heating function is ensured, on an electric vehicle, by an electric radiator, including a high voltage electric heater

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

at least one motor-fan unit, able to circulate the flow of air in the Thermal packaging installation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic conversion: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP2858842B1Equipment for controlling the temperature of a passenger compartment of a vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle
Publication Date: 2021.07.07 VALEO SYST THERMIQUES SAS
  • EP2858842B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2858842B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

The invention relates to temperature control equipment (3) for a vehicle, in particular an electric vehicle, enabling an aerothermic adjustment of an airflow to be distributed in a passenger compartment (H) of the vehicle, including at least one heat treatment module (8), capable of heat-treating the airflow, and a distribution module (9), capable of distributing the airflow to the passenger compartment (H). The heat treatment module (8) comprises a single means (21) for heating the airflow to be distributed in the passenger compartment (H), which consists of an electric radiator (21).