EV Power Distribution Prioritization for Transient Load Demand

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing power management strategies for electrically powered vehicles fail to effectively prioritize power distribution to critical systems during transient conditions, leading to potential system failures and inefficiencies.

Innovation Solution

A method and control unit that dynamically adjust power distribution between primary and secondary loads based on predefined and dynamic set-points, prioritizing critical loads during increased power demand conditions, and de-rating secondary loads as necessary to ensure reliable operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If power is distributed to multiple electrical sub-systems simultaneously, then more functions are available, but the energy storage system may fail to meet critical system demands during transient conditions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveavailability of electrical sub-systemsVSAvoidreliability of critical propulsion system

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic power management by switching between a first power management mode (normal operation) and a second power management mode (transient conditions). The control unit dynamically adjusts power distribution based on detected operating conditions, transitioning from sharing traction power among multiple sub-systems to prioritizing critical propulsion system demands during transient conditions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the power distribution parameters by adjusting the set-point for auxiliary power distribution. During transient conditions, the control unit modifies the power allocation parameters to limit auxiliary power consumption, thereby ensuring sufficient power availability for critical propulsion system operations.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If power is prioritized to the propulsion system during transient conditions, then reliability of the propulsion system improves, but power available to auxiliary loads is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvereliability of propulsion systemVSAvoidpower available to auxiliary loads

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies partial action by providing auxiliary loads with a limited set-point power during transient conditions rather than full power. The control unit determines an appropriate set-point that maintains auxiliary functions at a reduced level while ensuring sufficient power for critical propulsion system demands, avoiding complete shutdown of non-critical loads.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #16Partial or excessive action

3Device complexity

If a fixed power distribution strategy is used, then the control system is simple, but it cannot adapt to varying power demand conditions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesimplicity of control systemVSAvoidadaptability to transient conditions

Core Design Contradiction:

Device complexityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a dynamic control system that detects transient conditions and automatically switches between different power management modes. The control unit monitors system state and adjusts power distribution strategies in real-time, transitioning from a first power management mode to a second power management mode based on detected operating conditions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentUS12420770B2Method of power management and a power system of an electrically powered vehicle

Publication Date: 2025.09.23 VOLVO TRUCK CORP

AI summary

A method for power management of an electrically powered vehicle, wherein at least two loads, including a first load and at least one second load, are by default powered by an electric energy storage system of the vehicle according to a first prioritization strategy determining how power is distributed among the at least two loads. The method comprises detecting that a pre-defined operating condition applies, and in response to said detection, activating a second prioritization strategy, wherein, according to the second prioritization strategy, power distribution to the first load is prioritized over power distribution to the at least one second load.