EV Power Supply Switching for Low-Voltage Backup Reliability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Autonomous vehicles face the risk of accidents due to failures in their low-voltage power supply systems, necessitating a redundancy power system to ensure continuous operation.
Innovation Solution
A power supply system that includes a high-voltage battery with a switching module, allowing it to switch between charging the low-voltage battery and supplying power to low-voltage electronic devices, thereby providing emergency power in case of low-voltage power supply failures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a redundancy low-voltage power system is implemented, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the high-voltage battery system with dual functions: it serves both as the primary high-voltage power source for the motor and as a backup low-voltage power source through the switching module. This merging eliminates the need for a separate redundancy battery system while maintaining power supply reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The high-voltage battery is designed to perform multiple functions: providing high-voltage power to the motor during normal operation and switching to provide low-voltage power to electronic devices when the low-voltage battery fails. The switching module enables this multi-functionality by dynamically reconfiguring the battery connection.
2Reliability
If the high-voltage battery switches to supply low-voltage power, then reliability is improved, but energy loss increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the necessary portion of the high-voltage battery capacity (the second cell module) to serve as a backup low-voltage power source, rather than converting the entire high-voltage battery. This minimizes energy loss by limiting the switching operation to only what is needed for redundancy.
Solution Approach 2:
The switching module changes the electrical parameters by reconfiguring the battery connection from high-voltage series configuration to low-voltage configuration when needed. This parameter change enables the battery to provide emergency power while minimizing the duration and magnitude of energy conversion losses.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system ensures continuous power supply to critical control devices in autonomous vehicles, preventing accidents caused by low-voltage power failures and extending the lifespan of the low-voltage battery.
Implementation Method 1
a DC-DC converter connected between the high-voltage battery and the low-voltage battery
Implementation Method 2
a switching module configured to switch between a first connection state in which the first cell module and the second cell module charge the low-voltage battery; and a second connection state in which the second cell module charges the low-voltage battery or supplies power to the low-voltage electronic device
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a power supply system disclosure comprising: a high-voltage battery; a low-voltage battery configured to supply power to a low-voltage electronic device; a DC-DC converter connected between the high-voltage battery and the low-voltage battery; and a controller configured to control the DC-DC converter so as to charge the low-voltage battery by using the high-voltage battery, wherein the high-voltage battery comprises: a first cell module comprising a plurality of first battery cells; a second cell module which is electrically connected to the first cell module and comprises a plurality of second battery cells; and a switching module configured to switch between a first connection state, in which the first cell module and the second cell module charge the low-voltage battery; and a second connection state in which the second cell module charges the low-voltage battery or supplies power to the low-voltage electronic device.