EV Thermal Management Loops for Battery Runaway Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electric vehicle thermal management systems face challenges in effectively managing battery and motor temperatures, particularly during thermal runaway, which can lead to safety issues and increased energy consumption. Additionally, these systems often require additional space for fire extinguishing systems and have inefficiencies in heating during cold conditions.
Innovation Solution
The proposed electric vehicle thermal management system utilizes dual heat conducting agents and loops to manage battery and motor temperatures. When thermal runaway occurs, both heat conducting agents are released to the battery to cool or extinguish the system, enhancing safety without additional fire extinguishing systems. The system also employs a heat exchange mechanism to efficiently transfer heat from the motor to the battery for heating purposes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an additional fire extinguishing system is added to the battery liquid cooling system, then the fire extinguishing capability is improved, but the vehicle space is occupied and energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The liquid cooling system is designed to perform multiple functions: normal thermal management during operation and fire extinguishing during thermal runaway. The same coolant circulation system serves both cooling and fire suppression purposes, eliminating the need for separate fire extinguishing equipment.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery liquid cooling system uses its own coolant to extinguish fires without requiring external fire suppression systems. The system serves itself by utilizing the existing coolant infrastructure for both operational cooling and emergency fire suppression.
2Reliability
If the coolant capacity in the battery liquid cooling system is increased to improve fire extinguishing capability, then the cooling performance is improved, but the system complexity and space occupation increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically adjusts coolant flow distribution between the battery and motor based on real-time thermal conditions. During normal operation, coolant is distributed according to thermal needs; during thermal runaway, the system redirects maximum coolant flow to the battery for fire suppression.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters by switching between normal thermal management mode and emergency fire suppression mode. This involves adjusting pump speed, valve positions, and coolant flow rates to optimize performance for the current operational state without requiring separate physical systems.
3Productivity
If the battery temperature is increased to reduce charging time in cold conditions, then the charging speed is improved, but the battery performance and service life are affected
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary heating of the battery before charging in cold conditions. By pre-warming the battery to an optimal temperature range, the system ensures fast charging can proceed efficiently while protecting the battery from thermal stress that would reduce its service life.
Solution Approach 2:
The thermal management system continuously monitors and adjusts battery temperature during charging operations. It maintains the battery within the optimal temperature range throughout the charging process, ensuring both fast charging performance and long-term battery health through continuous thermal control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This system effectively manages battery and motor temperatures, preventing thermal runaway and enhancing safety by integrating heat conducting agents within the existing system. It also improves heating efficiency during cold conditions, reducing energy consumption and maintaining vehicle performance.
Implementation Method 1
The first loop transmits the first heat conducting agent to the first temperature control mechanism for cooling or heating
Implementation Method 2
The first heat conducting agent and the second heat conducting agent are released to the battery to cool or extinguish the battery system
Implementation Method 3
The system also employs a heat exchange mechanism to efficiently transfer heat from the motor to the battery for heating purposes
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are an electric vehicle thermal management system, a battery thermal management method and an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle thermal management system comprises a first loop, a second loop, a first temperature control mechanism, a second temperature control mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a release mechanism, wherein the first loop transmits a first heat conducting agent; a battery and the first temperature control mechanism are respectively connected to the first loop; the second loop transmits a second heat conducting agent; the second temperature control mechanism and a driving motor are respectively connected to the second loop; the conveying mechanism is respectively connected to the first loop and the second loop; and the release mechanism is connected to the first loop, such that a battery fire disaster is effectively prevented from occurring, and the safety of the vehicle is improved.