EV Charge-Discharge Voltage Control for Residual Power Recovery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional charging systems for electric vehicles only allow unidirectional charging from the grid to the vehicle, failing to manage residual electric power, which degrades battery life and incurs unnecessary energy costs.
Innovation Solution
A charging-and-discharging system that controls voltage to selectively charge or discharge electric vehicles using a processor, current cutoff circuit, and relay switch to manage battery charging and discharging operations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If unidirectional charging from grid to electric vehicle is implemented, then charging function is provided, but discharging function is not provided and residual electric power cannot be managed
Solution Approach 1:
The charging-and-discharging control device is designed to perform both charging and discharging operations through a single integrated system. The controller can selectively execute charging control when receiving charging commands and discharging control when receiving discharging commands, enabling one device to fulfill multiple functions without requiring separate charging and discharging systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically switches between charging and discharging modes based on received commands. The controller adjusts its operation mode in real-time: when a charging command is received, it performs charging control; when a discharging command is received, it performs discharging control. This dynamic adaptability allows the system to respond flexibly to different operational requirements.
2Reliability
If residual electric power is not managed, then simple unidirectional charging is maintained, but battery life degrades and unnecessary energy production costs occur
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates feedback mechanisms to monitor battery state and manage residual electric power. The controller receives commands and feedback signals to determine whether to charge or discharge, enabling intelligent management of battery energy. This feedback-based control prevents unnecessary charging that would degrade battery life while optimizing energy utilization by discharging when appropriate.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters based on battery state and command signals. By adjusting charging-and-discharging voltage according to battery voltage levels and command types, the system optimizes energy management. Parameter changes enable the system to switch between charging and discharging modes, preventing battery degradation from unmanaged residual power while maximizing energy utilization efficiency.
3Adaptability or versatility
If charging-and-discharging voltage control is implemented, then selective charging or discharging is enabled, but control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control process is segmented into distinct operational phases: voltage determination based on command type, test current supply through current cutoff circuit, relay switch control, and voltage adjustment. By dividing the charging-and-discharging control into these manageable segments, the system achieves selective charging/discharging capability while keeping each control step relatively simple and manageable.
Data Source
AI summary
The technical concept of the present disclosure relates to a charging-and-discharging system for selectively performing charging or discharging of electric vehicles by charging-and-discharging voltage control, and a charging-and-discharging control method using the same. In an embodiment, a charging-and-discharging control method of a charging-and-discharging system for performing charging-and-discharging of a battery of an electric vehicle according to the technical concept of the present disclosure may include: receiving a discharging command; increasing a charging-and-discharging voltage to a first voltage corresponding to a voltage level of the battery; supplying a test current using a current cutoff circuit; closing a relay switch with the electric vehicle in response to a confirmation signal for the test current; and decreasing the charging-and-discharging voltage to a second voltage lower than the first voltage.