Integrated Evaporation Source for OLED Metal Deposition

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing metal evaporation technologies for OLED manufacturing face challenges with high thermal loads on substrates and components, requiring improved evaporation devices and methods to efficiently deposit metallic materials while minimizing heat transfer and particle generation.

Innovation Solution

The development of an evaporation source array with a distribution pipe and crucible configuration as a single piece, featuring a linear vapor distribution showerhead and heating elements within the inner tubes, along with a triangular cross-section and heat shields, to reduce heat radiation and improve mixing of metallic materials.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If traditional metal evaporation methods are used, then metallic materials can be deposited on substrates, but high thermal loads are generated on substrates and components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition qualityVSAvoidthermal load
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The evaporation source is divided into separate functional components: a crucible for material containment, a distribution pipe with multiple outlets for vapor delivery, and heat shields for thermal management. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently, reducing overall thermal load while maintaining deposition quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Heat shields are introduced as intermediary components between the evaporation source and substrate. These shields absorb and redirect thermal radiation, acting as a mediator that protects the substrate from excessive heat while allowing the evaporation process to continue effectively

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of manufacture

If evaporation crucible and distribution pipe are separate components, then assembly is easier, but particle generation increases and evaporation efficiency decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveassembly easeVSAvoidevaporation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The crucible and distribution pipe are merged into a single integrated component manufactured as one piece. This integration eliminates gaps and interfaces between parts, preventing particle generation at joints while improving evaporation efficiency by creating a seamless vapor flow path from the crucible through the distribution pipe to the outlets

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Manufacturing precision

If conventional evaporation sources are used, then metal deposition is achieved, but material mixing is insufficient and uniformity is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedeposition uniformityVSAvoidsource configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple outlets are strategically positioned along the distribution pipe at different locations and angles. Each outlet is designed with specific local characteristics to deliver vapor to different zones of the substrate, ensuring uniform material distribution and mixing across the entire substrate surface

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances the evaporation efficiency, reduces heat load on substrates, and improves the mixing of metallic materials, leading to more uniform deposition and increased material utilization in OLED manufacturing.

Implementation Method 1

the evaporation crucible is configured to evaporate the metal or metal alloy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 2

the distribution pipe can further include a first heating element which is arranged inside the first inner tube and/or wherein the evaporation crucible further includes a second heating element which is arranged inside the second inner tube

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Data Source

PatentEP3245313B1Evaporation source.
Publication Date: 2018.12.05 APPLIED MATERIALS INC
  • EP3245313B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3245313B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3245313B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

An evaporation source (100) for a metal or a metal alloy is described. The evaporation source includes an evaporation crucible (104), wherein the evaporation crucible is configured to evaporate the metal or metal alloy, a distribution pipe (106) with one or more outlets (712) provided along the length of the distribution pipe, wherein the distribution pipe is in fluid communication with the evaporation crucible, wherein the distribution pipe further comprises a first outer tube (234) and a first inner tube (232), and wherein the distribution pipe and the evaporation crucible are provided as one single piece.