Evaporator Fan Defrost Control for Transport Cooling Coils

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Solution Overview

Problem

Frost buildup on transport climate control system evaporator coils reduces cooling capacity and increases energy consumption, leading to potential damage during hot and humid conditions.

Innovation Solution

The system uses convection heat to defrost the evaporator coil by independently controlling at least two evaporator fans to distribute heat around the coil, preventing heated air from entering the climate-controlled space and using the heat to melt frost into water, which can be removed.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If traditional defrosting methods are used to remove frost buildup on the evaporator coil, then the frost is removed, but energy consumption increases and cooling capacity is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveevaporator coil performanceVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The evaporator coil defrosts itself by utilizing its own stored thermal energy. The coil's thermal mass and retained heat from normal operation are sufficient to melt the frost buildup without requiring external heating elements or additional energy input, making the defrosting process self-service and energy-efficient

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The frost buildup, which is normally harmful to cooling performance, is converted into a beneficial thermal reservoir. The phase change from solid to liquid during defrosting absorbs heat from the coil's thermal storage, and the resulting water can be drained away, leaving the coil clean and ready for efficient operation without energy penalty

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Reliability

If the evaporator coil is heated to defrost the frost, then the frost melts and can be removed, but the heated air may enter the climate-controlled space causing temperature fluctuations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedefrosting effectivenessVSAvoidtemperature control stability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The harmful effect of heated air entering the climate-controlled space is eliminated by extracting or isolating the defrosting process to the evaporator coil itself. The coil's internal thermal energy is utilized, and the defrosting occurs contained within the coil structure, preventing any temperature disruption to the conditioned environment

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The evaporator coil acts as an intermediary that stores and releases thermal energy in a controlled manner. Rather than directly heating air that could enter the climate-controlled space, the coil's thermal mass mediates the defrosting process, transferring heat internally to melt frost while maintaining stable temperatures in the conditioned space

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Use of energy by moving object

If frost buildup is allowed to accumulate on the evaporator coil, then energy consumption is reduced temporarily, but cooling capacity decreases and damage may occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidcooling capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system implements periodic self-defrosting cycles based on monitored conditions such as runtime duration, temperature differentials, or frost detection. This periodic action prevents excessive frost accumulation that would harm cooling capacity, while minimizing the frequency and duration of defrost events to maintain energy efficiency and productivity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method efficiently defrosts the evaporator coil without directly heating the frost, reducing energy consumption and preventing damage, while maintaining the cooling capacity of the transport climate control system.

Implementation Method 1

the controller independently controls the at least two fans to move the air around the evaporator coil in controlled directions so that heat from one section of the evaporator coil is used to convectively heat the inlet of the evaporator coil

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 2

the evaporator that absorbs heat from a climate controlled space and evaporates the working fluid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 3

a compressor that compresses a working fluid passing through the transport climate control circuit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCompression: Compression

Implementation Method 4

using the heat to melt frost into water, which can be removed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentEP4137340B1Methods and systems for defrosting a transport climate control system evaporator
Publication Date: 2024.11.20 THERMO KING CORP
  • EP4137340B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP4137340B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP4137340B1 patent drawingFigure 1C

AI summary

The transport climate control circuit includes a compressor, an evaporator and at least two fans. The transport climate control circuit also includes a controller for controlling the transport climate control circuit and for defrosting the evaporator coil. When a defrost event is triggered, the controller instructs the transport climate control circuit to supply heat to or around one section of the evaporator coil (3030), and independently controls each of the at least two fans (3010,3020) to move the air around the evaporator coil in a controlled direction so that heat from the one section of the evaporator coil is used to convectively heat the inlet of the evaporator coil. Damper 3040, heating device 2050.