Event-Controlled Serial Data Transmission Without Clock Synchronization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing digital data transmission methods in machine tools and similar electronic systems are inadequate for handling stochastic events quickly and efficiently, as they often result in significant time delays and energy consumption due to the need for synchronization with clock signals and complex data packet management, which can lead to errors in processes requiring rapid response times.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus utilizing a data cable with twisted conductor pairs for serial data transfer, where at least one conductor pair is dedicated to transmitting stochastic events using individual pulses without a clock, allowing for rapid and energy-efficient transmission of stochastic events by signaling events as positive or negative pulses, and detecting these states without synchronization delays.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If serial data transmission with clock synchronization is used, then data transmission reliability is improved, but transmission time delay increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes the clock signal from the data transmission system. Instead of using traditional serial data transmission with clock synchronization, the invention transmits only data bits without any clock signal, thereby eliminating the time delay associated with clock synchronization while maintaining transmission reliability through differential signaling and voltage level detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent inverts the traditional approach by using the absence of a signal to convey information. Instead of using presence/absence of clock cycles to indicate data, the system uses voltage levels (positive, negative, zero) on the data line itself to encode information, thereby eliminating the need for separate clock synchronization.
2Speed
If parallel data transmission is used, then transmission speed is improved, but system complexity and susceptibility to electromagnetic interference increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the data transmission function with the clock synchronization function into a single differential signal pair. By using differential signaling where the data line itself carries both data and timing information through voltage level transitions, the system achieves high-speed transmission while reducing the number of conductors and overall system complexity compared to parallel transmission.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/physical parallel conductor arrangement with an electrical/differential signaling system. Instead of using multiple parallel conductors that are physically susceptible to electromagnetic interference, the invention uses differential voltage signals that are inherently more resistant to electromagnetic fields, thereby achieving high-speed transmission with reduced complexity and interference susceptibility.
3Measurement precision
If clock synchronization is implemented, then data transmission accuracy is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the separate clock signal from the transmission system. By encoding timing information directly into the data signal through voltage level transitions and using edge-triggered detection, the system maintains data transmission accuracy without the continuous energy consumption associated with separate clock signal generation and synchronization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses periodic voltage level transitions in the data signal itself to provide timing information. Instead of continuous clock signaling, the system uses periodic edges and transitions in the differential data signal to trigger detection events, thereby maintaining accuracy while reducing energy consumption by only transmitting energy when data changes occur.
Data Source
AI summary
An expansion of known serial data links, for example ETHERNET, published in IEEE802.3, for directly transmitting random events without having to carry out synchronization with a clock signal or having to wait for a cyclical transmission time. Two different, random events are represented using two differently coded individual pulses and are transmitted in an event-controlled manner. A jitter-free latency of 45 ns between the event and its reception is possible over a line length of 8 m, for example. The expansion is particularly suitable for the short, digital data links between a node and a plurality of modules, as are required in modern electrical discharge machines, machine tools and similar electronic systems.