Excavator Implement Heading Control via Dynamic Sensor Feedback

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing excavator technologies lack efficient automation for tilt and rotation control, particularly in avoiding obstacles during operation, which can lead to operator fatigue, reduced productivity, and increased risk of machine damage.

Innovation Solution

An excavator system comprising a machine chassis, excavating linkage assembly, rotary excavating implement, and control architecture with dynamic sensors and actuators that utilize position signals and map information to adjust the implement heading and rotate the excavating implement away from obstacles, ensuring safe operation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If manual tilt and rotation control is used, then operator flexibility is maintained, but operator fatigue increases and productivity decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveproductivityVSAvoidoperator fatigue
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The control system automatically monitors implement position using dynamic sensors and autonomously adjusts tilt and rotation angles to avoid obstacles, enabling the system to service itself without continuous manual intervention. This automation resolves the contradiction by maintaining operational flexibility while eliminating operator fatigue associated with manual control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously receives feedback from dynamic sensors regarding implement position and obstacle proximity, processes this information through controllers, and automatically adjusts control signals to optimize tilt and rotation angles. This closed-loop feedback mechanism improves productivity by eliminating manual monitoring while maintaining precise control flexibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If manual monitoring of implement position is used, then system complexity is low, but risk of machine damage increases due to collision risk

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemachine damage riskVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary actions by continuously calculating predicted implement positions and identifying potential obstacle overlaps before collisions occur. The controllers proactively adjust tilt and rotation angles to prevent harmful overlaps, resolving the contradiction by reducing machine damage risk through advance intervention while managing system complexity through automated computations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces manual mechanical monitoring and adjustment with an automated electronic control system that uses dynamic sensors, processors, and actuators. This substitution reduces machine damage risk by providing continuous automated surveillance and response, while the electronic system manages complexity more efficiently than manual mechanical systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of operation

If automated control is implemented, then operator fatigue is reduced, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperator fatigueVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control system performs multiple functions including position monitoring, obstacle detection, angle calculation, and automated adjustment through a integrated controller architecture. This multi-functionality resolves the contradiction by consolidating complex tasks into a single automated system that reduces operator fatigue while managing overall system complexity through functional integration.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system introduces intermediary components including dynamic sensors that measure implement position, controllers that process data and calculate angles, and actuators that execute adjustments. These intermediaries automate control functions to reduce operator fatigue while distributing system complexity across specialized components rather than requiring complex manual systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Reliability

If dynamic sensor monitoring is used, then collision avoidance capability is improved, but use of energy increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecollision avoidanceVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system continuously monitors implement position and calculates predicted positions for collision avoidance, which may exceed the minimum necessary action. This partial/excessive monitoring approach improves collision avoidance capability by providing redundant verification, while the energy consumption is managed through efficient sensor and processor utilization that balances safety with energy efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Data Source

PatentEP3491196B1Excavating implement heading control
Publication Date: 2021.11.10 CATERPILLAR TRIMBLE CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES LLC
  • EP3491196B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3491196B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3491196B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An excavator includes a chassis, an implement, control architecture, and an assembly to swing with, or relative to, the chassis and including a boom, stick to curl relative to the boom, and coupling between the implement and stick. The implement rotates about an axis R such that a leading edge LE defines a heading Î. The control architecture comprises sensors, actuators, and controllers to utilize sensor signals to generate a LE position relative to a reference based on reference data and map information, utilize sensor implement edge signals and the excavator position relative to the reference and map information to generate a nearest implement edge (NIE) signal indicative of a LE NIE position relative to the reference, and utilize the actuators for divertive implement rotation about R to adjust Î to account for divertive rotation away from an actual or projected overlap of the NIE and reference.