Excavator Bucket Tooth with Cast Carbide Insert

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Solution Overview

Problem

Bucket-wheel excavator teeth experience significant wear and frequent replacement due to abrasive mineral materials, leading to high maintenance costs and downtime, with existing wear protection methods being time-consuming and costly.

Innovation Solution

A tooth design featuring a metal matrix composite material with a hard material insert, specifically arranged around the tooth head's outer surfaces, including lateral and central cutting surfaces, providing enhanced wear resistance through a porous structure and distribution of hard materials like tungsten carbide, which is cast into the tooth during the manufacturing process.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If layers containing carbides are applied to the surface of tooth tips using a welding electrode, then wear protection is improved, but manufacturing time and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewear protectionVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The hard material insert is placed into the tooth mold before the casting process, preparing the wear protection element in advance. This preliminary positioning eliminates the need for time-consuming post-casting welding operations, as the insert is already integrated into the tooth structure before the metal matrix material is poured in.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses a composite structure combining a hard material insert (such as carbide) with a metal matrix material. This composite approach provides superior wear protection compared to welding carbide layers, as the insert is mechanically integrated through casting, creating a durable composite tooth structure that resists abrasive wear from mineral materials.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Strength

If wear protection layers are applied through welding, then surface hardness is improved, but production time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface hardnessVSAvoidmanufacturing speed
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The hard material insert is positioned in the mold before casting, preparing the wear-resistant component in advance. This eliminates subsequent welding steps, significantly reducing manufacturing time while maintaining the surface hardness provided by the carbide insert.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the welding process (thermal/mechanical joining) with a casting process. The metal matrix material is poured into the mold around the insert, allowing the hard material to be mechanically integrated into the tooth structure without requiring welding operations, thus improving production efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Reliability

If frequent tooth replacement is performed, then digging performance is maintained, but downtime and maintenance costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedigging performanceVSAvoiddowntime
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The composite structure with hard material insert provides superior wear resistance, allowing teeth to maintain digging performance for longer periods. The carbide insert resists abrasive wear from mineral materials, extending the service life of each tooth and reducing the frequency of replacements, thereby minimizing downtime and maintenance costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution significantly reduces wear and maintenance needs by providing a durable, cost-effective wear protection that maintains the excavator's availability and efficiency in abrasive environments.

Implementation Method 1

casting the tooth from a metal matrix material such that the metal matrix material infiltrates the pores of the inlay

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectInfiltration: Permeation

Data Source

PatentEP3908703B1Tooth for attaching to an excavator bucket
Publication Date: 2023.01.25 F L SMIDTH & CO AS
  • EP3908703B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3908703B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3908703B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a tooth (20) for attaching to an excavator bucket (12) of an excavator wheel bucket, wherein the tooth (20) is partly made of a metal matrix composite material, and the metal matrix composite material has an insert (44) which is cast into a metal matrix material (42) and which is made of a hard material. The insert (44) at least partly forms the surface of the tooth (20), and the insert (44) made of the metal matrix composite material is arranged at least in the region of the tooth head (22) and surrounds said tooth head in the region of at least two outer surfaces, preferably at least three outer surfaces (26, 28, 30). The invention additionally relates to a method for producing such a tooth (20).