Exciter Circuit Energy Storage for Fast Synchronous Machine Response
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Solution Overview
Problem
Synchronous machines face challenges in responding quickly to changes in electrical demand, which can lead to instability and deviations in rotor speed during power system disturbances.
Innovation Solution
An exciter circuit for synchronous machines that includes at least one charge storage device and control circuitry to discharge the device when electrical demand exceeds the output, ensuring a rapid response to changes in load.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If conventional excitation systems are used, then steady state control is maintained, but response time to changes in electrical demand is slow
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-charging energy storage devices (capacitors or batteries) during normal operation so that energy is readily available when disturbances occur. The control system monitors system conditions and prepares the energy storage devices in advance, enabling rapid response to faults without waiting for energy accumulation during the disturbance event.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamics by transitioning from static excitation systems to dynamic energy storage devices that can rapidly adjust their output. The energy storage devices can quickly change their charge/discharge rates in response to varying demand, providing adaptive response to both steady-state conditions and transient disturbances.
2Speed
If energy storage devices are added to improve response time, then responsiveness to electrical demand changes improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies universality by designing energy storage devices that serve multiple functions: they provide rapid response to electrical demand changes, supply power during disturbances, and can be charged from various sources (AC input or load). This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components for each function, thereby limiting complexity growth.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses control circuitry as an intermediary that manages the interaction between the energy storage devices and the synchronous machine. The control circuitry receives signals about system conditions and automatically manages charge/discharge operations, eliminating the need for complex manual control systems and simplifying the overall device architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed exciter circuit enhances the responsiveness of synchronous machines to electrical demand changes, improving stability and reducing deviations in rotor speed.
Implementation Method 1
at least one charge storage device configured to be discharged to a DC output
Implementation Method 2
rectifier circuitry configured to convert an AC input to the DC output
Data Source
AI summary
An exciter circuit for a synchronous machine, the exciter circuit comprising: at least one charge storage device configured to supply energy to a DC output coupled to the synchronous machine; and control circuitry configured to: receive a first signal indicative of an operating state of the synchronous machine, receive a second signal indicative of a control demand for the synchronous machine, and supply at least a portion of energy stored by the at least one charge storage device to satisfy the control demand indicated by the second signal when: the control demand indicated by the second signal exceeds a threshold capability of the synchronous machine that would otherwise exist if the at least one charge storage device was not present, and the synchronous machine is in an appropriate operating state as derived from the first signal.