Exhaust Gas Purification Layout With Bypass for Turbocharged Engines
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing large internal combustion engines face challenges in achieving effective exhaust gas purification with high conversion rates while minimizing installation space, mass, thermal storage capacity, and vibration load.
Innovation Solution
The internal combustion engine design incorporates an exhaust gas purification system with catalyst elements housed in cannings acting as pressure vessels, connected by pipes with compensators to manage thermal expansion and vibrations, and a switching mechanism to bypass purification elements, allowing high-temperature, high-pressure exhaust gas flow with minimal pulsation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If exhaust gas purification elements are installed in separate pressure vessels, then the purification effectiveness is improved, but the installation space requirements and mass increase
Solution Approach 1:
The canning serving as the pressure vessel is merged with the exhaust gas supply pipe and exhaust gas discharge pipe, eliminating the need for separate pressure vessels. This integration reduces installation space while maintaining the purification function through the catalyst element arranged in the canning.
Solution Approach 2:
The canning is designed to serve multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as the pressure vessel for the catalyst element, functions as the exhaust gas supply pipe, and serves as the exhaust gas discharge pipe. This multi-functionality reduces the overall number of components and installation space requirements.
2Reliability
If exhaust gas purification elements are installed in separate pressure vessels, then the purification effectiveness is improved, but the mass and thermal storage capacity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The canning is merged with the exhaust gas supply and discharge pipes, eliminating separate pressure vessels. This reduces the total mass of the purification system while maintaining effective exhaust gas cleaning through the integrated catalyst element.
Solution Approach 2:
The canning performs multiple functions (pressure vessel, supply pipe, discharge pipe) simultaneously, reducing the number of separate components and thereby reducing the overall mass and thermal storage capacity of the system.
3Stability of the object's composition
If rigid pipe connections are used in the exhaust gas purification system, then the structural stability is improved, but the thermal expansion and vibration effects worsen
Solution Approach 1:
Compensators are arranged between pipe sections to specifically address thermal expansion effects. These compensators allow the pipes to expand and contract with temperature changes while maintaining system integrity and reducing stress on connected components.
Solution Approach 2:
Compensators serve as intermediary elements between rigid pipe sections, absorbing vibration and thermal expansion effects. This protects the catalyst elements and other sensitive components from harmful mechanical stresses while maintaining overall structural stability.
4Device complexity
If exhaust gas flows directly to turbocharger without purification, then the system complexity is reduced, but the exhaust gas purification effectiveness deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The canning with catalyst element is merged into the exhaust gas flow path between the collector pipe and turbocharger. This integration maintains relatively simple system architecture while achieving effective exhaust gas purification through the catalyst element.
Solution Approach 2:
The canning serves as both the purification chamber and the connecting pipe structure, combining multiple functions in one component. This reduces overall system complexity while maintaining effective exhaust gas cleaning before the turbocharger.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design achieves efficient exhaust gas purification with high conversion rates, reduced installation space, low mass, and minimal vibration, enhancing transient operating behavior and eliminating the need for separate pressure vessels.
Implementation Method 1
The exhaust gas collector pipe, the exhaust gas supply pipe and the exhaust gas discharge pipe each have several pipe sections with compensators arranged between the pipe sections to compensate for thermal expansions
Implementation Method 2
The exhaust gas purification elements are combined with further compensators to compensate for thermal expansions and vibrations
Implementation Method 3
several exhaust gas purification elements, each of which has at least one catalyst element arranged in a canning serving as a pressure vessel
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
Figure 5
AI summary
Internal combustion engine (10), with several cylinders (11) forming at least one cylinder group (12), with an exhaust gas purification device (14) and an exhaust gas turbocharger (15), wherein the exhaust gas purification device (14) comprises several exhaust gas purification elements (20), each comprising at least one catalyst element (22) arranged in a canning (21) serving as a pressure vessel, wherein a wall thickness of the respective canning (21) is designed to withstand an exhaust gas pressure of up to 10 bar, wherein the exhaust gas purification device (14) comprises an exhaust gas collector pipe (17), an exhaust gas inlet pipe (18) and an exhaust gas outlet pipe (19) through which the exhaust gas can be routed such that, starting from an exhaust gas outlet channel (25) of the respective cylinder (11), the exhaust gas can be fed to the exhaust gas collector pipe (17), and that, depending on a switching state of a switching unit (47), the exhaust gas in a first switching state is directed from the exhaust gas collector pipe (17) into the exhaust gas inlet pipe (18)then towards the exhaust gas cleaning elements (20), then into the exhaust gas discharge pipe (19) and then towards the exhaust gas turbocharger (15) and in a second switching state, bypassing the exhaust gas cleaning elements (20), the exhaust gas collector pipe (17) can be directed directly towards the exhaust gas turbocharger (15), wherein the pipes (17, 18, 19) have several pipe sections (17a, 18a, 19a) with compensators (26) arranged between them for compensating thermal expansion, and wherein compensators (28) for compensating thermal expansion and for vibration compensation interact with the exhaust gas cleaning elements (20).