Exogenous Polynucleotides for Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for increasing plant yield, oil content, and abiotic stress tolerance are limited by inefficient nitrogen use and reliance on fertilizers, which also cause environmental issues, and existing genetic engineering techniques face challenges in improving crop traits like fiber quality and stress resistance.
Innovation Solution
Expression of specific exogenous polynucleotides encoding polypeptides in plants, which are at least 80% identical to certain SEQ ID NO sequences, enhances nitrogen use efficiency, biomass, growth rate, oil content, fiber yield, and abiotic stress tolerance, thereby improving plant productivity and resilience.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If fertilizers are used to increase plant yield and growth rate, then productivity is improved, but environmental harm increases and nitrogen use efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables plants to self-regulate nitrogen metabolism through introduced polynucleotides encoding enzymes like nitrogenase, nitrate reductase, and glutamine synthetase. This self-service mechanism allows plants to efficiently utilize atmospheric nitrogen and improve nitrogen use efficiency without external fertilizer application, thereby maintaining high productivity while reducing environmental harm.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the biochemical parameters of plant nitrogen metabolism by introducing exogenous polynucleotides that encode key enzymes in nitrogen assimilation pathways. This alters the plant's ability to fix and utilize nitrogen, transforming the system from fertilizer-dependent to fertilizer-independent nitrogen acquisition, thus improving both productivity and environmental sustainability.
2Reliability
If conventional genetic engineering techniques are used to improve crop traits, then specific traits can be enhanced, but abiotic stress tolerance and fiber quality remain limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces polynucleotides with broad functional effects that simultaneously improve multiple crop traits including abiotic stress tolerance, fiber quality, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency. This multi-functional approach overcomes the limitation of conventional single-trait engineering by providing universal genetic improvements across diverse stress conditions and productivity parameters.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite genetic strategies by combining multiple polynucleotides encoding different enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism and stress response. This composite approach creates synergistic effects where the combined action of multiple introduced genes provides enhanced abiotic stress tolerance and improved crop performance beyond what single genes could achieve.
3Quantity of substance
If nitrogen use efficiency is improved through genetic modification, then fertilizer dependency decreases, but implementation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and transfers specific nitrogen metabolism genes from microorganisms or other plant species into target crop plants. By taking out the essential nitrogen-fixing and nitrogen-assimilation genes and introducing them into crops, the patent simplifies the overall system by removing the need for complex fertilizer application infrastructure while improving nitrogen use efficiency.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are isolated polypeptides which are at least 80% homologous to SEQ ID NOs: 552-897 and 6029-10629, isolated polynucleotides which are at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NOs: 1-551 and 898-6028, nucleic acid constructs comprising same, transgenic cells expressing same, transgenic plants expressing same and method of using same for increasing yield, abiotic stress tolerance, growth rate, biomass, vigor, oil content, photosynthetic capacity, seed yield, fiber yield, fiber quality, fiber length, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant.