Exogenous Polynucleotides for Nitrogen Use Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current agricultural practices face challenges in increasing nitrogen use efficiency in plants, leading to high fertilizer input costs and environmental pollution, while also dealing with abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, and temperature fluctuations, which affect crop yields and quality.
Innovation Solution
Expression of exogenous polynucleotides encoding polypeptides with sequences at least 80% identical to specific SEQ IDs within plants, enhancing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, and abiotic stress tolerance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers are applied to increase crop yield, then plant growth and yield are improved, but nitrogen use efficiency is low and environmental pollution increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies plant genetic parameters by introducing exogenous polynucleotides that encode polypeptides involved in nitrogen metabolism. This changes the plant's physiological parameters to improve nitrogen uptake, assimilation, and utilization efficiency, allowing the plant to achieve higher yields with less nitrogen fertilizer input.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/chemical approach of applying excess fertilizer with a biological approach using genetically modified plants. The exogenous polynucleotides enable the plant's own biological systems to efficiently capture and utilize nitrogen, substituting external chemical inputs with enhanced internal biological mechanisms.
2Productivity
If inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers are applied to increase crop yield, then plant growth is improved, but environmental pollution increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of excess nitrogen application into a benefit by creating plants that efficiently utilize nitrogen. The exogenous polynucleotides enable the plant to benefit from available nitrogen while preventing the harmful environmental effects of nitrogen loss through leaching, runoff, and volatilization.
Solution Approach 2:
The genetically modified plants serve themselves by having enhanced endogenous capabilities to uptake, assimilate, and utilize nitrogen. The exogenous polynucleotides encode polypeptides that enable the plant's own metabolic systems to efficiently manage nitrogen, reducing dependence on external fertilizer applications and minimizing environmental pollution.
3Loss of energy
If exogenous polynucleotides are expressed to increase nitrogen use efficiency, then fertilizer requirements are reduced, but plant genetic modification is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses exogenous polynucleotides as intermediaries to transfer the desired trait of improved nitrogen use efficiency from model plants to crop plants. These polynucleotides serve as genetic mediators that encode polypeptides involved in nitrogen metabolism, enabling the transfer and expression of functional traits across plant species.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are methods of increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 387, 1-386, 388-469, 763-3704 and 3705; or an exogenous polynucleotide encoding a polypeptide at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 602, 470-601, 603-762, 3706-5858, 5860-5910, 5912, 5914-5923, 5925-6046 or 6047. Also provided is an isolated polynucleotide comprising a nucleic acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 387, 1-386, 388-469, 763-3704 and 3705, which can be used to increase the nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.