Exogenous Polynucleotides for Nitrogen Use Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current agricultural practices face challenges in increasing nitrogen use efficiency in plants, leading to high fertilizer input costs and environmental pollution, while also dealing with abiotic stresses like drought, salinity, and temperature fluctuations, which affect crop yields and quality.
Innovation Solution
Expression of novel polynucleotides and polypeptides within plants, specifically those encoding sequences at least 80% identical to certain SEQ IDs, to enhance nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, and abiotic stress tolerance, thereby improving fertilizer use efficiency and stress resilience.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers are applied to increase plant growth and yield, then crop productivity is improved, but nitrogen use efficiency decreases and environmental pollution increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the biological parameters of the plant by introducing transgenes that encode proteins involved in nitrogen metabolism pathways. This modifies the plant's intrinsic nitrogen utilization efficiency, allowing it to better use applied nitrogen fertilizers and reduce nitrogen loss to the environment, thereby resolving the contradiction between productivity and nitrogen use efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables plants to self-enhance their nitrogen uptake and utilization capabilities through genetic modification. The introduced genes allow plants to autonomously improve their nitrogen metabolism, reducing dependence on excessive fertilizer application and improving nitrogen use efficiency without external intervention
2Productivity
If inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers are applied to increase plant growth and yield, then crop productivity is improved, but environmental pollution increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies plant physiological parameters through genetic engineering, enhancing nitrogen assimilation and reducing nitrogen loss pathways. This decreases nitrogen leaching and volatilization that cause environmental pollution, while maintaining or improving crop yield
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of excess nitrogen application into a benefit by enabling plants to more efficiently utilize nitrogen. The introduced genetic pathways allow plants to convert applied nitrogen into plant biomass more effectively, reducing the amount of nitrogen that would otherwise become environmental pollution
3Reliability
If conventional breeding or traditional genetic engineering is used to improve fertilizer use efficiency, then nitrogen use efficiency may be improved, but the process is time-consuming and has unpredictable outcomes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical breeding methods with precise genetic engineering approaches. Specific genes involved in nitrogen metabolism are directly introduced or modified, providing predictable and reliable improvement in nitrogen use efficiency without the long, unpredictable process of conventional breeding
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary identification and selection of specific genes involved in nitrogen metabolism pathways before applying genetic modification. This targeted approach ensures predictable outcomes and reduces the time required compared to random mutagenesis or conventional breeding methods
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are isolated polynucleotides and nucleic acid constructs which comprise a nucleic acid sequence at least 80% identical to a nucleic acid sequence selected form the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 277, 1-276, 278-469 and 785-2397; and isolated polypeptides which comprise an amino acid sequence at least 80% homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 482, 470-481, 483-784 and 2398-3818. Also provided are transgenic cells and plants expressing same and methods of using same for increasing nitrogen use efficiency, yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, and/or abiotic stress tolerance of a plant.