Exosome TUBA1C Marker Composition for Non-Invasive Cancer Diagnosis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer diagnosis methods are invasive, have low sensitivity and specificity, and lack effective non-invasive molecular diagnostic technologies for early-stage cancer detection.
Innovation Solution
A marker composition utilizing exosomes overexpressing Tubulin alpha-1C chain (TUBA1C) protein, optionally with GRIP and coiled-coil domain-containing protein (GCC2), for diagnosing cancer and predicting prognosis, using primers, probes, and antibodies to measure gene and protein expression levels in biological samples.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If traditional cancer diagnosis methods (X-ray imaging, endoscopy, biopsy) are used, then the examination process is simple, but the diagnosis success rate is low and the patient suffers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses exosomes as intermediary carriers to transport cancer-related proteins (TUBA1C, GCC2) from tumor cells to the extracellular environment. These exosomes serve as mediators that enable non-invasive detection of cancer markers in body fluids, resolving the contradiction between simple examination and high diagnosis accuracy by providing a new detection target that is both easily accessible and highly specific to cancer.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional mechanical invasion methods (biopsy, endoscopy) with a molecular detection approach. Instead of physically sampling tissue, the system detects cancer markers (TUBA1C protein, GCC2 protein) in body fluids using biochemical assays, substituting mechanical invasion with molecular detection to achieve both non-invasiveness and high diagnostic accuracy.
2Reliability
If molecular diagnostic technology is used to detect lesions at early stage, then non-invasive and highly sensitive diagnosis is achieved, but the technology is currently insignificant and not specifically applied to cancer
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the complex cancer detection problem into specific detectable components: identifying and quantifying particular proteins (TUBA1C, GCC2) within exosomes. This segmentation allows for targeted molecular detection that is both sensitive and specific to cancer, transforming abstract molecular diagnostics into concrete, measurable markers that can be reliably detected in body fluids.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from general tissue morphology (traditional methods) to specific protein expression levels in exosomes. By measuring the concentration and expression patterns of TUBA1C and GCC2 proteins in exosomal fractions, the system achieves early-stage cancer detection with high sensitivity and specificity, establishing a new diagnostic parameter paradigm.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If cancer is detected at early stage through non-invasive method, then patient suffering is reduced and cure rate increases, but current methods lack the necessary sensitivity and specificity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs exosomes as intermediary carriers that transport cancer-specific proteins from tumor cells to body fluids. This intermediary mechanism enables non-invasive sampling (blood, urine) while maintaining high diagnostic accuracy, as the exosomes preserve the molecular signature of the original tumor cells without requiring tissue invasion.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent substitutes mechanical tissue sampling with molecular detection in body fluids. By detecting TUBA1C and GCC2 proteins in exosomes present in blood or urine, the system achieves early cancer detection without mechanical invasion, thereby reducing patient suffering while maintaining or improving diagnostic accuracy through highly specific molecular markers.
Data Source
AI summary
According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a marker composition for diagnosing cancer or predicting prognosis, comprising exosomes overexpressing a Tubulin alpha-1C chain (TUBA1C) protein.