Selective Sintering With Exothermic Coating for Faster 3D Printing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing additive manufacturing processes are slow and lack precision due to the use of linear binder application and curing, resulting in poor control over binder spread and requiring subsequent sintering of 'green' parts.

Innovation Solution

The method employs a radiant energy source to selectively sinter particulate material, using a binder or reactant that undergoes an exothermic reaction, allowing for faster and more precise component creation with improved control over the sintering process.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If a linear print head is used to apply binder across a planar surface, then the process can be implemented with simple equipment, but the manufacturing speed is slow and precision is poor

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing speedVSAvoidbinder placement precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical linear print head system with a digital light processing (DLP) projector system that uses optical energy to selectively cure binder. This substitution enables parallel curing of entire layers simultaneously rather than sequential linear scanning, dramatically increasing manufacturing speed while maintaining precision through digital pattern control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention transitions from one-dimensional linear binder application to two-dimensional planar pattern projection. The DLP projector casts entire layer patterns onto the build surface simultaneously, enabling parallel processing of multiple binder locations across the entire build area, thus improving both speed and precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Productivity

If the print head moves faster to increase productivity, then manufacturing speed improves, but binder placement precision deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing speedVSAvoidbinder placement precision
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent eliminates the mechanical moving print head by using a stationary DLP projector that directs light patterns onto the build surface. This removes the speed-precision tradeoff inherent in mechanical scanning systems, as the optical system can rapidly switch between patterns without physical movement, maintaining precision while achieving high speeds.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses sequential digital pattern projection where entire layers are cured in rapid succession through repeated projection cycles. Each layer is processed completely before moving to the next, enabling high-speed manufacturing without compromising the precision of individual binder placements through digital rather than mechanical transitions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Area of stationary object

If larger volumes of binder are used to cover the build area, then the entire surface can be treated, but pixel size increases and precision is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebuild area coverageVSAvoidpixel size control
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies binder in excess across the entire build surface and then uses selective optical curing to activate only the specific pattern areas needed for each layer. This approach allows complete area coverage with uniform binder distribution while maintaining precision through digital control of which areas are actually cured, avoiding the pixel size issues of selective droplet placement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #16Partial or excessive action

Solution Approach 2:

The binder is applied uniformly across the entire build surface and then self-selects its functional locations through the optical curing process. The excess binder remains uncured in non-pattern areas and can be removed or reused, while the cured binder automatically forms the precise structural pattern needed, eliminating the need for precise pre-positioning of binder volumes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

4Manufacturing precision

If binder is applied selectively to define patterns, then precision can be maintained, but the process is slow due to linear scanning and sequential curing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepattern definition precisionVSAvoidmanufacturing speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical linear scanning system with a digital optical projection system. The DLP projector can display and cure entire layer patterns simultaneously in a single exposure, eliminating the time-consuming sequential scanning process while maintaining precise pattern definition through digital control of the light pattern.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention merges the binder application and curing operations into a single simultaneous process. The binder is applied across the entire surface while the DLP projector cures the pattern in the same time frame, combining what were previously sequential operations into one parallel process, thereby dramatically increasing manufacturing speed without sacrificing precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the speed and precision of additive manufacturing, enabling the production of components with fine feature fidelity while allowing for the reuse and recycling of uncured materials, and reducing the need for subsequent sintering steps.

Implementation Method 1

a binder or reactant that undergoes an exothermic reaction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectExothermic reaction: Exothermic Reaction

Implementation Method 2

using an exothermic material triggered by a radiant energy source

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRadiant energy: Radiation

Implementation Method 3

The binder is cured non-selectively, by inputting energy into the entire build area

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRadiant energy: Radiation

Data Source

PatentEP3466649B1Selective sintering additive manufacturing method
Publication Date: 2023.03.15 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP3466649B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3466649B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3466649B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method for producing a component layer-by-layer. The method includes the steps of: depositing particulate material (P) to form a layer of particulate material having a first area over a build platform (14); applying at least one exothermic material (B, R) over the build platform (14) so that a selected portion of the first area (88; 92) is uniformly coated with the exothermic material; selectively sintering a second area of the layer smaller than the selected portion of first area, using an application of radiant energy to trigger an exothermic reaction in the at least one exothermic material, in a specific pattern that defines the geometry of a cross-sectional layer of the component (76); and repeating the steps of depositing, applying, and sintering for a plurality of layers until the component (76) is complete.