Expandable Anode Layer for High-Capacity All-Solid-State Batteries
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing all-solid-state batteries face challenges in accommodating a large amount of lithium metal during charging, which limits their energy density and stability.
Innovation Solution
The all-solid-state battery incorporates an anode layer composed of particles capable of forming alloys with lithium, along with interparticular pores that expand to accommodate lithium metal during charging, ensuring efficient lithium storage and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a conventional anode structure is used in all-solid-state batteries, then the battery structure is simple, but the lithium storage capacity is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The anode layer is designed with a porous structure containing numerous pores that can accommodate lithium metal during charging. The porous structure allows significant expansion of the anode layer volume to store large amounts of lithium metal, directly resolving the contradiction between simple structure and high lithium storage capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
The anode layer comprises a composite structure combining a porous backbone material with alloy-forming particles (such as silicon, germanium, or tin) dispersed within the pores. This composite design enables both structural integrity and high lithium storage capacity through alloying reactions, overcoming the limitation of conventional simple anode structures.
2Quantity of substance
If lithium metal is deposited on particle surfaces during charging, then alloying capacity increases, but particle distance increases reducing storage space
Solution Approach 1:
The anode layer is segmented into numerous small particles (average diameter 0.1-10 μm) with large surface areas and distributed pore spaces. This segmentation allows lithium to deposit on multiple particle surfaces simultaneously while maintaining adequate interparticular pore volume through the distributed porous structure, resolving the contradiction between alloying capacity and storage space.
Solution Approach 2:
The design implements a nested structure where alloy-forming particles are positioned within the pores of the porous anode layer. This nesting allows lithium to first form alloys with the particles, then accommodate excess lithium metal in the surrounding pore spaces, effectively utilizing both particle surfaces and interparticular pores for lithium storage.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for a significant increase in lithium storage capacity, enhancing the energy density and stability of the battery, while maintaining high Coulombic efficiency and long lifespan.
Implementation Method 1
the particles may further include an alloy of the metal and lithium. Alloying between the particles and lithium may occur during charging of the all-solid-state battery.
Implementation Method 2
During charging of the all-solid-state battery, lithium metal may be deposited on the surface of the particles and thus a distance between the particles may be increased, so that the interparticular pores may be enlarged
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is an all-solid-state battery including an anode layer that expands and accommodates lithium metal during charging, and a method of operation thereof. The all-solid battery includes an anode current collector, an anode layer disposed on the anode current collector, a solid electrolyte layer disposed on the anode layer, a cathode active material layer disposed on the solid electrolyte layer, and a cathode current collector disposed on the cathode active material layer. The anode layer comprises particles comprising a metal capable of allying with lithium and interparticular pores.