Expandable Blood Pump Cannula Dynamics for Tissue Interference
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a need for improved expandable blood pumps that can provide quick and effective temporary circulatory support for acute cardiac conditions, such as during high-risk cardiac surgery or after a myocardial infarction, with the ability to be deployed in various anatomical locations and minimize interference with tissue openings.
Innovation Solution
The development of an expandable blood pump with a cannula and impeller that can adjust between a collapsed deployment configuration and an expanded operable configuration, featuring a flexible mesh cover and spiral support members, allowing for increased reach and maneuverability, and a power transmission system for rotational motion, enabling efficient blood flow and positioning within the vasculature.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the cannula is made with a larger diameter to provide effective circulatory support, then the pump performance is improved, but the interference with tissue openings increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cannula is designed with variable diameter along its axial length, transitioning from a narrower distal end to a wider proximal end. This dynamic geometric variation allows the cannula to navigate through tissue openings with minimal interference while maintaining sufficient diameter at the pump location for effective circulatory support.
2Ease of operation
If the cannula diameter is reduced to minimize tissue interference, then the maneuverability is improved, but the pump performance decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The cannula exhibits non-uniform diameter distribution along its length, with the distal portion having a smaller diameter for enhanced maneuverability and tissue compatibility, while the proximal portion maintains a larger diameter to ensure adequate blood flow and pump performance. This local quality variation optimizes both maneuverability and pump effectiveness.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the cannula is made expandable to increase reach, then the adaptability to anatomical locations is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The cannula incorporates an expandable structure that can transition between compressed and expanded states. When compressed, the cannula achieves reduced profile for navigation; when expanded, it provides increased diameter for optimal pump performance and adaptability to various anatomical locations.
Solution Approach 2:
The cannula is divided into distinct sections with different diameter characteristics - a narrower distal section for navigation and a wider proximal section for pump operation. This segmentation allows each portion to be optimized for its specific function while working together as an integrated system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The expandable blood pump facilitates quick insertion and removal from anatomical positions, provides effective circulatory support, reduces hemolysis, and allows for precise control of impeller blade angles, enhancing therapy outcomes by ensuring efficient blood flow and minimizing tissue interference.
Implementation Method 1
The blood pump may be powered by a fluid system including catheter supply and return channels that cause a mechanical generator to rotate
Implementation Method 2
The impeller can include a rigid or semi-rigid mast supporting a flexible web, the mast being separately positionable with respect to the cannula
Data Source
AI summary
A pump for inducing motion of a fluid, the pump including a cannula adjustable between an operable configuration having a first diameter and a deployment configuration having a substantially smaller second diameter. An impeller is rotatable within the cannula about an axis. The impeller includes an at least semi-rigid support for a flexible web, and is positionable with respect to the cannula the operable configuration and the deployment configuration, the operable configuration extending the web to a first radial distance from the axis and the deployment configuration collapsing the web to a second substantially smaller radial distance from the axis.