Expandable Oxidized Cellulose Hemostat for Hard-to-Reach Bleeding
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional methods for controlling bleeding, such as manual compression and biologically active hemostats, are cumbersome, time-consuming, and ineffective in hard-to-reach bleeding sites, and existing hemostatic materials lack efficacy in cases of rapid blood loss.
Innovation Solution
A biodegradable hemostatic matrix composed of oxidized cellulose (OC) in the form of a compressed tablet or pellet that rapidly expands upon contact with body fluids to fill wound cavities and promote hemostasis, without requiring external pressure, and is suitable for use in hard-to-reach bleeding sites.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If manual compression is used to achieve hemostasis, then bleeding can be controlled, but the procedure becomes cumbersome and time-consuming
Solution Approach 1:
The oxidized cellulose material is pre-compressed into a compact form that automatically expands upon contact with blood, performing the compression action in advance before application. This eliminates the need for time-consuming manual compression during the procedure while maintaining hemostatic effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The hemostat material exhibits self-expanding properties when it contacts body fluids, automatically generating the necessary compression force without requiring external manual intervention. This self-service mechanism reduces procedural time and complexity while achieving reliable hemostasis.
2Reliability
If manual compression is applied to hard-to-reach bleeding sites, then hemostasis can be achieved, but the procedure becomes considerably cumbersome
Solution Approach 1:
The hemostat is divided into compressed material that can be easily inserted into narrow or hard-to-reach spaces, then expands in situ to provide effective compression. This segmentation allows the material to access difficult locations that would be inaccessible to bulk compression materials.
Solution Approach 2:
The material transitions from a compact, low-dimensional form suitable for insertion into narrow spaces to an expanded, high-dimensional form that provides effective compression. This dimensional transformation enables access to hard-to-reach sites while maintaining hemostatic effectiveness.
3Reliability
If biologically active hemostats are used to control bleeding, then hemostasis can be achieved, but the costs are high and preparation is laborious
Solution Approach 1:
The oxidized cellulose material provides effective hemostasis through its physical expansion and absorption properties without requiring complex biological components. This approach reduces cost and simplifies preparation while maintaining adequate hemostatic effectiveness for many applications.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention extracts and utilizes only the essential hemostatic properties of oxidized cellulose (expansion, absorption, compression) without requiring additional biologically active components. This simplification reduces preparation complexity and cost while maintaining core hemostatic function.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The matrix provides rapid and effective hemostasis by expanding to fill wound cavities, reducing bleeding without external compression, and is cost-effective and safe, with superior expansion characteristics compared to existing ORC-based materials.
Implementation Method 1
the disclosed matrix comprises oxidized cellulose (OC), wherein said oxidized cellulose comprises oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC)... that rapidly expands upon contact with body fluids
Implementation Method 2
the interstitial pores have a pore volume and a median pore diameter effective to provide improved absorption of physiological fluids
Implementation Method 3
the matrix is capable of expanding to at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90% of its maximum expansion capacity within 20 to 40 seconds following immersion in an aqueous solution
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
Figure 2
Figure 3A
AI summary
An expandable biodegradable hemostatic matrix comprised of oxidized cellulose, and having a density ranging from about 0.8 to about 1.2 gr/cm3 is disclosed herein. The matrix may be expandable to at least 3 times its original volume within 4 sec upon contact with an aqueous solution room temperature. Further disclosed are methods for making the hemostatic matrix as well as method of treating a wound.