Expandable Fire-Resistant Sheet That Follows Warping Deformation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Fire prevention equipment such as doors and windows experience warping deformation due to temperature differences during a fire, allowing the fire to spread.
Innovation Solution
A thermally expandable composition comprising a matrix component, including adhesives like dry-solidifying, chemical-reactive, or heat-melt adhesives, and thermally expandable graphite, with specific content ratios and expansion onset temperatures, to maintain fire resistance despite warping.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fire-resistant sheets are used to block gaps in fire prevention equipment, then fire resistance is improved, but warping deformation occurs under prolonged high temperature exposure allowing fire to spread
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the physical and chemical parameters of the fire-resistant material by incorporating thermally expandable graphite with specific expansion onset temperatures (100-160°C) and controlling the matrix component's decomposition temperature to be higher than the graphite's expansion temperature. This parameter optimization ensures the material expands at the right temperature to maintain fire resistance while accommodating dimensional changes during warping.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite material system consisting of thermally expandable graphite particles dispersed in a polymer matrix component, with optional inorganic fillers. This composite structure allows the material to exhibit both the fire-resistant properties of graphite and the adhesive/cohesive properties of the polymer matrix, enabling it to maintain integrity and follow warping deformation while blocking fire.
2Reliability
If the fire-resistant sheet expands to form insulating layers, then fire resistance is improved, but the sheet cannot follow warping deformation of the equipment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces dynamic behavior to the fire-resistant material through the use of thermally expandable graphite that undergoes phase change upon heating. The material transitions from a compact state to an expanded state with increased volume and reduced density, allowing it to dynamically adapt to temperature changes and warping deformation while maintaining fire-resistant properties.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes the phase transition of thermally expandable graphite from its normal state to an expanded state at specific temperatures (100-160°C onset). This phase transition enables the material to expand and form insulating layers that can accommodate and follow the warping deformation of fire prevention equipment while maintaining effective fire blocking.
3Reliability
If thermally expandable graphite is used to expand and block fire, then fire resistance is improved, but the material cannot maintain structural integrity under prolonged heat exposure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses the polymer matrix component as an intermediary that binds the thermally expandable graphite particles together. The matrix component with decomposition temperature higher than the graphite expansion temperature provides structural support and maintains integrity during the graphite's phase change, preventing the expanded material from disintegrating under prolonged heat exposure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the thermal parameters of the composite material by selecting graphite with expansion onset temperatures (100-160°C) lower than the matrix component's decomposition temperature. This parameter differentiation ensures that the graphite expands first to provide fire resistance while the matrix maintains structural integrity throughout the fire exposure period.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The composition and resulting fire-resistant sheet can maintain good heat resistance by adhering firmly to the deforming equipment, forming a fire-resistant insulating layer that follows the equipment's deformation.
Implementation Method 1
the fire-resistant sheets expand when heated, to form fire-resistant insulating layers of combustion residues
Implementation Method 2
the matrix component being at least one adhesive selected from the group consisting of a dry-solidifying adhesive, a chemical-reactive adhesive, and a heat-melt adhesive
Implementation Method 3
forming a fire-resistant insulating layer that follows the equipment's deformation
Data Source
AI summary
A thermally expandable composition of the present invention includes a matrix component and thermally expandable graphite, and the matrix component is at least one adhesive selected from the group consisting of a dry-solidifying adhesive, a chemical-reactive adhesive, and a heat-melt adhesive. According to the present invention, a thermally expandable composition and a thermally expandable fire-resistant sheet that can maintain good heat resistance can be provided, even in the event of warping of fire prevention equipment during a fire.