Expansion Valve Control in Multi-Split Air Conditioners

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing simultaneous cooling-heating multi-air conditioners face inefficiencies due to refrigerant deficiency and excess accumulation, leading to decreased operating efficiency, as high-pressure gas refrigerant is bypassed, causing condensation issues in the high-pressure branch pipe, which affects heating operations.

Innovation Solution

The air conditioner employs adjustable high-and-low-pressure gas pipe expansion valves and indoor-unit expansion valves to control refrigerant flow rates, preventing condensation and accumulation by adjusting valve opening degrees, eliminating the need for bypass capillaries and refrigerant-amount adjustment tanks, thereby optimizing refrigerant distribution and usage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If the high-pressure gas pipe side is closed to prevent liquid refrigerant accumulation, then liquid refrigerant accumulation is prevented, but gas refrigerant condensation occurs and refrigerant becomes deficient for heating operation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveliquid refrigerant accumulationVSAvoidrefrigerant availability for heating
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

A refrigerant circulation promotion device is introduced as an intermediary component in the high-pressure gas pipe. This device actively promotes refrigerant circulation through the closed high-pressure branch, preventing condensation while maintaining the protective closure. The intermediary device resolves the contradiction by enabling controlled refrigerant movement without requiring the pipe to remain fully open.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If high-pressure gas refrigerant is bypassed to prevent condensation, then condensation is prevented, but operating efficiency deteriorates due to refrigerant bypass

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvegas refrigerant condensationVSAvoidoperating efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The refrigerant circulation promotion device serves as an intermediary that enables refrigerant to flow through the high-pressure gas pipe without bypassing it. This eliminates the need for bypass capillaries and maintains full refrigerant utilization for heating operations while preventing condensation through active circulation promotion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Productivity

If expansion valves are adjusted to control refrigerant flow, then refrigerant distribution is optimized, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverefrigerant distribution efficiencyVSAvoidvalve control system
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The expansion valves are configured to automatically adjust refrigerant flow based on operational conditions. The system utilizes the existing expansion valve mechanisms already present in the air conditioner, allowing them to self-regulate refrigerant distribution without requiring additional complex control systems. This maintains productivity while avoiding excessive complexity increase.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution prevents decreases in operating efficiency by ensuring the right amount of refrigerant is available for heating and cooling operations, maintaining energy efficiency and reducing the need for additional equipment, thus enhancing overall system performance.

Implementation Method 1

adjustable high-and-low-pressure gas pipe expansion valves and indoor-unit expansion valves to control refrigerant flow rates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThrottling: Pressure Drop

Implementation Method 2

simultaneous cooling-heating multi-air conditioner capable of performing a mixed operation of heating operation and cooling operation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3348934B1Air conditioner
Publication Date: 2021.10.27 HITACHI JOHNSON CONTROLS AIR CONDITIONING INC
  • EP3348934B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3348934B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3348934B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided is a air conditioner including high-and-low-pressure gas pipe expansion valves each of which is provided to a corresponding one of the cooling-heating switching units and adjusts feeding of high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant to the corresponding indoor unit; and a refrigeration cycle controller which adjusts a valve opening degree of the high-and-low-pressure gas pipe expansion valve of the cooling-heating switching unit connected to one of the indoor units which is not in heating operation, in accordance with a determination result on excess or deficiency of refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle.