Exploding Foil Initiator Bridge Geometry for Uniform Current Density

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing exploding foil initiators (EFI) suffer from nonuniform current density and heating, leading to inefficient and nonuniform bursting of the metallic foil, which affects the uniform acceleration and detonation of high explosives.

Innovation Solution

Modifying the shape and dimensions of the conductors, particularly the bridge and bottom-side return path, to achieve uniform current density, with thicker regions except under the flyer to prevent vaporization and melting, and using electromagnetic modeling tools to optimize these designs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional conductor shapes and dimensions are used in EFI, then the design is simple and easy to manufacture, but the current density becomes nonuniform leading to inefficient bursting

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent density uniformityVSAvoidconductor shape complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The conductor geometry is modified with varying thickness throughout its structure. Thinner regions are positioned where higher current density is needed to promote uniform heating and bursting, while thicker regions provide structural support and control current distribution. This local variation in conductor properties resolves the contradiction by achieving uniform current density through strategic geometric modification rather than uniform design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The conductor's physical parameters, specifically its thickness and cross-sectional area, are deliberately changed at different locations along its path. By adjusting these geometric parameters, the current density distribution is controlled to achieve uniformity across the EFI element, transforming the simple conventional design into an optimized configuration that balances manufacturing feasibility with performance requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Strength

If conductor thickness is increased to prevent vaporization, then structural integrity is improved, but current density uniformity deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveconductor structural integrityVSAvoidcurrent density uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The conductor is designed with spatially varying thickness to simultaneously satisfy structural and electrical requirements. Thicker sections provide the necessary structural integrity and resistance to vaporization in regions where high mechanical strength is needed, while thinner sections are strategically placed where uniform current density is critical for efficient bursting. This local differentiation resolves the contradiction between strength and current density uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Use of energy by moving object

If conventional EFI design is used, then energy consumption is high due to nonuniform bursting, but modifying conductor shape increases design complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy consumptionVSAvoidconductor geometry
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The conductor's geometric parameters are optimized to achieve uniform current density distribution, which directly improves energy utilization efficiency. By carefully controlling the thickness and cross-sectional variations along the conductor path, the design minimizes energy waste from nonuniform bursting while maintaining manufacturability. The parameter changes are designed to be practical and implementable, balancing energy efficiency improvements with reasonable design complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach results in improved current density uniformity, increased efficiency, and reduced energy consumption in EFI systems, enabling more reliable and cost-effective high explosive initiation systems.

Implementation Method 1

a fireset produces a current pulse having a peak of applied current, wherein the bridge shape and bridge dimensions are chosen such that an optimized burst of said bridge occurs at the peak of the applied current

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

electromagnetic effects may act to make current density in EFI's nonuniform

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3673225B1Methods to improve burst uniformity and efficiency in exploding foil initiators
Publication Date: 2023.03.29 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NAT SECURITY LLC
  • EP3673225B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3673225B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3673225B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Exploding foil initiator apparatus, system, and method that improve the current density in the bridge region by modifying the shape and dimensions of the bridge and related components. The exploding foil initiator reduces burn-back by making areas of the bridge thicker except directly under the flyer. The exploding foil initiator boards are built so the flyer is not connected to the rest of the top cover-lay. This avoids losing energy due to the flyer having to tear away from the solid cover-lay.