Explosive Composition Inhibitors for Reactive Ground Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Explosive compositions used in reactive ground and high temperature conditions are prone to premature detonation due to exothermic reactions with sulfides in the ground, leading to safety risks and uncontrollable blasts.

Innovation Solution

Incorporating Group I or Group II nitrates and inhibitors like urea into the explosive composition to reduce reactivity with reactive ground, delaying or preventing exothermic reactions and allowing for controlled detonation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional explosive compositions are used in reactive ground, then blasting capability is achieved, but premature detonation occurs due to exothermic reactions with sulfides

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvestability during sleep timeVSAvoidreactivity with sulfides

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Inhibitors such as urea, ammonia, or their derivatives are introduced as intermediary substances that intervene between the nitrate oxidizer and the sulfide ground materials. These inhibitors preferentially react with or inhibit the exothermic reaction between nitrates and sulfides, preventing premature detonation while allowing controlled blasting when initiated. The inhibitor acts as a protective mediator during the sleep time period.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The chemical composition parameters of the explosive are modified by incorporating specific inhibitors (urea, ammonia, or their derivatives) at controlled concentrations (e.g., 0.1-10% by weight). This parameter change alters the reaction kinetics between the nitrate oxidizer and sulfide ground, raising the activation energy barrier for unwanted exothermic reactions while preserving the detonation capability when properly initiated.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If explosive compositions are placed in blast holes for extended sleep time, then blasting efficiency is improved, but temperature increases promote exothermic reactions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblasting efficiencyVSAvoidground temperature

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

Inhibitors are pre-introduced into the explosive composition before placement in the blast hole. These inhibitors provide preliminary protection against temperature-induced exothermic reactions during the sleep time period. The inhibitors are positioned in advance to counteract the harmful thermal effects before they can trigger premature detonation, enabling safe extended storage in warm ground conditions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #9Preliminary anti-action

3Power

If nitrates are used as oxidizers in explosive compositions, then blasting power is enhanced, but reactivity with reactive ground increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveblasting powerVSAvoidexothermic reactivity

Core Design Contradiction:

PowerVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Inhibitors such as urea or ammonia act as intermediary substances that selectively interact with the nitrate oxidizer-sulfide ground system. These intermediaries suppress the unwanted exothermic pathway between nitrates and sulfides while leaving the primary detonation chemistry intact. The inhibitor mediates the chemical interactions to prevent harmful side reactions during sleep time.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The use of Group I or Group II nitrates and inhibitors in the explosive composition significantly reduces the risk of premature detonation, enabling safe and controlled blasting in reactive and high temperature environments by delaying exothermic reactions and maintaining stable temperatures during the 'sleep time' before detonation.

Implementation Method 1

premature detonation due to exothermic reactions with sulfides in the ground

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectExothermic reaction: Exothermic Reaction

Implementation Method 2

Incorporating Group I or Group II nitrates and inhibitors like urea into the explosive composition to reduce reactivity with reactive ground, delaying or preventing exothermic reactions

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectInhibition of chemical reaction:

Implementation Method 3

maintaining stable temperatures during the 'sleep time' before detonation

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectThermal stability:

Implementation Method 4

the explosive composition may then be placed in the blast hole. Subsequently, the explosive composition may then be detonated

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectDetonation: Detonation

Implementation Method 5

Explosive compositions for use in reactive ground and high temperature conditions are disclosed herein

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectExplosion: Explosion

Data Source

PatentUS11912635B2Explosive compositions for use in reactive ground and related methods

Publication Date: 2024.02.27 DYNO NOBEL ASIA PACIFIC LTD

AI summary

Explosive compositions for use in high temperature, reactive ground, or both, are disclosed. The explosive compositions can include an emulsion with a continuous organic fuel phase and a discontinuous oxidizer phase. The oxidizer phase can include one or more Group I or Group II nitrates.