External Equalization Valve for Subsurface Safety Valves
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional subsurface safety valves face challenges in pressure equalization due to limited cross-sectional size, leading to slow equalization times and potential damage from high velocity fluid flows, which can cause slam closures and erosion.
Innovation Solution
An external pressure equalization valve system is introduced, allowing for a larger cross-sectional area and independent operation, reducing equalization time and minimizing debris impact, with a filter to prevent erosion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the cross-sectional area of the equalization valve is increased, then the pressure equalization speed is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The equalization valve is divided into multiple smaller valves arranged in parallel. Each individual valve maintains a manageable size and complexity, while the collective arrangement of multiple valves provides the equivalent of a larger cross-sectional area, thereby achieving fast pressure equalization without increasing the complexity of individual valve components.
Solution Approach 2:
Multiple equalization valves are nested within a common valve body housing. This nested configuration allows the system to achieve the functional equivalent of a large cross-sectional area through compact arrangement of smaller components, maintaining space efficiency while improving pressure equalization speed.
2Reliability
If the closure mechanism is made larger to reduce erosion, then the valve size increases, but the device complexity and space requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The closure function is distributed across multiple smaller valves rather than requiring a single large closure mechanism. Each small valve has its own closure mechanism that is easier to manufacture and maintain, while the collective arrangement provides sufficient total sealing area to handle high velocity flows without excessive erosion.
3Speed
If the equalization valve operates independently of the safety valve, then the equalization speed is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The equalization valve system is merged with the safety valve assembly by housing multiple equalization valves within the safety valve body. This integration allows independent equalization operation while utilizing the existing structural framework, thereby reducing overall device complexity despite the added functional capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves quicker pressure equalization and reduces component damage, extending the life of the equalization valve and safety valve by allowing larger components and parallel configurations for faster operation.
Implementation Method 1
When sufficient hydraulic pressure is conveyed to a subsurface safety valve via the control line, the piston and rod assembly forces the flow tube downward
Implementation Method 2
When the hydraulic pressure is removed from the control line, the power spring shift the flow tube upward and the flapper returns to its default, closed position
Implementation Method 3
A self-closing mechanism, such as a torsion spring, can also be present to promote closure of the flapper should a loss of hydraulic pressure occur
Data Source
AI summary
A system for controlling fluid flow in a subterranean well includes a first valve, a control line fluidly coupled to the first valve, an equalizing line disposed externally to and separate from the first valve, and at least a second valve disposed in the equalizing line and in fluid communication with the control line. The first valve includes a body defining a lumen, and an upper portion, and a lower portion. The equalizing line is in fluid communication with the lumen between the upper portion and the lower portion of the body. The second valve equalizes a pressure between the upper and lower portions of the body.