External Guide System for Percutaneous Bone Wire Placement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for placing guide wires in bones, such as for fractures, require multiple attempts and are time-consuming due to the need to control multiple degrees of freedom, often necessitating large incisions and increasing blood loss and surgery time.
Innovation Solution
A percutaneous external guide system with an alignment plate, slide bar, and guide wire grip that allows independent control and fixation of six degrees of freedom, including angles and positions, to accurately and rapidly place guide wires without a large incision.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If fluoroscopy with extracorporeal guide is used for guide wire placement, then incision size is reduced, but the number of attempts required increases and placement accuracy decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an external guide system as an intermediary device between the surgeon and the bone. This guide system, which includes alignment components and guide wire placement mechanisms, mediates the interaction by providing a stable external reference frame that eliminates the need for direct bone contact while ensuring precise guide wire placement through fluoroscopic guidance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the traditional mechanical system of direct bone contact and physical angle guides with a fluoroscopy-based optical guidance system. The external guide system uses radiographic projection and visual feedback to control the position and orientation of the guide wire, substituting mechanical precision with optical measurement and control.
2Manufacturing precision
If angle guide is placed directly on femur cortex, then guide wire placement accuracy is improved, but incision size and surgery time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The external guide system serves as an intermediary that eliminates the need for direct attachment to the bone cortex. By providing a stable external reference frame with pre-defined angular relationships, the system achieves accurate guide wire placement without the time-consuming process of exposing and attaching angle guides to the femur cortex.
Solution Approach 2:
The external guide system is designed with pre-established geometric relationships and pre-calibrated alignment features. The guide components are manufactured with precise angular relationships already built-in, eliminating the need for intraoperative measurement and adjustment that would otherwise be required when placing angle guides directly on bone.
3Area of stationary object
If freehand placement technique is used percutaneously, then incision size is reduced, but placement time and technical difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the freehand mechanical placement technique with a fluoroscopy-guided external guide system. Instead of relying on the surgeon's manual dexterity and spatial judgment, the system uses radiographic visualization to guide the placement of the guide wire through an external guide, maintaining minimal incision while dramatically improving placement speed and reducing technical difficulty.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates real-time fluoroscopic feedback to guide the placement process. The external guide system allows the surgeon to visualize the position and orientation of the guide wire relative to the target anatomy during placement, enabling rapid adjustments and ensuring correct positioning on the first attempt without requiring multiple trials.
4Manufacturing precision
If multiple degrees of freedom are controlled simultaneously during guide wire placement, then placement accuracy is improved, but the complexity and number of attempts increase
Solution Approach 1:
The external guide system segments the control of multiple degrees of freedom into independent, modular components. Each component of the guide system controls a specific degree of freedom (such as lateral position, medial-lateral position, superior-inferior position, and rotation) through separate adjustment mechanisms, allowing the surgeon to control each parameter independently rather than simultaneously, thereby reducing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide system employs dynamic, adjustable components that allow independent modification of each degree of freedom. The external guide includes movable parts with adjustment mechanisms (such as sliding components, rotating joints, and telescoping sections) that enable the surgeon to set and lock each positional and angular parameter independently, simplifying the control process while maintaining comprehensive precision.
Data Source
AI summary
Minimally invasive percutaneous methods, devices, and systems for placing guide wires in bones in a desired position and orientation and for facilitating the treatment of fractures such as but not limited to intertrochanteric fractures or other applications such as osteotomies. The methods, devices, and systems may allow for rapid and reproducible placement of a guide wire in a bone. Each degree of freedom may be controlled independently.