External Load Damper for Variable-Length Landing Gear

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Solution Overview

Problem

The pitch rotation of an airplane is limited by the length of the shock strut, which restricts the angle of attack during take-off, potentially leading to tail-strike issues.

Innovation Solution

An external articulating load damper is introduced, passively causing a lever to rotate with respect to the strut piston, extending the landing gear and increasing its length when the extension force exceeds the ground force, allowing greater pitch rotation and incorporating a linkage system for enhanced movement.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of moving object

If the shock strut length is increased to achieve greater angle of attack during take-off, then the pitch rotation capability is improved, but the structural complexity and weight of the landing gear increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshock strut lengthVSAvoidlanding gear structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the landing gear length variable rather than fixed. The load damper dynamically adjusts the effective length of the landing gear arrangement during operation, allowing the system to adapt between a shorter configuration for ground operations and an extended configuration for take-off pitch rotation, thereby avoiding the permanent complexity of a longer fixed structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The load damper is externally coupled to the shock strut, creating a nested arrangement where the load damper extends the functional length of the shock strut only when needed. This nested configuration allows the extended length capability without permanently increasing the base structure's complexity or weight

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Reliability

If the shock strut length is increased to prevent tail-strike during take-off, then the safety is improved, but the weight of the landing gear increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetail-strike preventionVSAvoidlanding gear weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically extends the landing gear length only during the critical take-off phase when pitch rotation is needed for tail-strike prevention. During other phases, the landing gear maintains a shorter, lighter effective configuration, thus achieving safety without the penalty of permanent weight increase

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The load damper is passively actuated by the extension force generated during take-off rotation, automatically extending the landing gear length when needed without requiring additional active control systems, motors, or complex actuation mechanisms that would increase weight

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Ease of operation

If an external load damper is added to extend the landing gear for greater pitch rotation, then the angle of attack capability is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveangle of attack capabilityVSAvoidlanding gear arrangement complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The load damper operates passively, automatically extending or retracting based on the extension force applied during take-off or ground operations. This passive operation eliminates the need for complex active control systems, sensors, or actuators, thereby improving angle of attack capability without proportionally increasing control complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The load damper acts as an intermediary element between the shock strut and the lever, providing the extension function without requiring direct modification of the core shock strut structure. This intermediary approach allows the system to gain extended capability while keeping the base structure relatively simple

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enables increased airplane pitch rotation during take-off, prevents tail-strike, and provides ground force damping while minimizing part count, reducing weight, and enhancing the robustness of the landing gear arrangement.

Implementation Method 1

the load damper is configured to increase a length of the landing gear arrangement in response to an extension force of the load damper increasing above a ground force reacted through the landing gear arrangement

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical Force: Mechanical Force

Implementation Method 2

The load damper may further dampen ground forces during take-off and/or landing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDamping: Damping

Data Source

PatentEP3418190B1Semi cantilevered landing gear actuated by an external articulating load damper for improved take-off
Publication Date: 2021.04.28 GOODRICH CORP
  • EP3418190B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3418190B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3418190B1 patent drawingFigure 3A~3B

AI summary

A landing gear arrangement may comprise a lever (230) configured to be coupled between an axle and a strut piston of a shock strut (201), a load damper (250, 450) configured to be externally coupled between the shock strut (201) and the lever (230), wherein the load damper (250, 450) is configured to increase a length of the landing gear arrangement in response to an extension force of the load damper increasing above a ground force reacted through the landing gear arrangement. The load damper (250, 450) may be located externally from the strut piston.