Sound-absorbing component with extinction profiles
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current sound-absorbing components for noise protection walls lack both high mechanical strength and effective sound absorption across a wide frequency range, often being either expensive or sensitive to environmental conditions.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating shaped extinction profiles made of non-sound-absorbing materials like sheet steel or plastic into the absorber layer, which extend sound wave paths through reflection, diffraction, and superposition, enhancing absorption without the need for expensive sound-absorbing materials.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If expensive sound-absorbing materials like rock wool or sintered expanded glass are used, then sound absorption properties improve, but material costs and sensitivity to environmental conditions increase
Solution Approach 1:
The sound-absorbing component is divided into two functional segments: a weather-resistant outer layer (cement-bound porous material or metal plate) and an inner sound-absorbing layer (mineral wool or foam). This segmentation allows each layer to perform its specific function - the outer layer protects against environmental factors while the inner layer provides sound absorption, resolving the contradiction between durability and acoustic performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses composite material structures combining different materials with complementary properties. The outer cement-bound porous material or metal plate provides weather resistance, while the inner mineral wool or foam provides sound absorption. This composite approach allows the component to simultaneously achieve environmental durability and effective sound absorption across frequency ranges.
2Reliability
If the overall thickness of the sound-absorbing component is increased to improve absorption properties, then sound absorption across frequency ranges improves, but the weight and space requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention applies local quality optimization by creating a porous outer layer with specific thickness and porosity characteristics that enhances sound absorption without requiring excessive overall thickness. The cement-bound porous material or metal plate with controlled porosity provides effective absorption in the frequency range 100-5000 Hz while maintaining a compact overall structure, reducing weight compared to uniformly thick traditional designs.
3Reliability
If heavily profiled sound-absorbing profiles are used to improve absorption properties, then sound absorption improves, but mechanical stability and resistance to air currents worsen
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of creating profiles that protrude outward to increase absorption surface area, the invention inverts the approach by creating a porous outer layer that provides absorption functionality without compromising mechanical stability. The cement-bound porous material or metal plate with controlled porosity delivers effective sound absorption while maintaining a structurally sound, flat surface that resists mechanical stress and strong air currents.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution results in significantly improved sound absorption, particularly in the 250-2000 Hz range, while maintaining mechanical stability and weather resistance, thus reducing costs and improving noise protection efficacy.
Implementation Method 1
extinction profiles made of non-sound-absorbing materials like sheet steel or plastic into the absorber layer, which extend sound wave paths through reflection, diffraction, and superposition
Implementation Method 2
extinction profiles made of non-sound-absorbing materials like sheet steel or plastic into the absorber layer, which extend sound wave paths through reflection, diffraction, and superposition
Implementation Method 3
extinction profiles made of non-sound-absorbing materials like sheet steel or plastic into the absorber layer, which extend sound wave paths through reflection, diffraction, and superposition
Implementation Method 4
sound-absorbing component comprises an absorber layer and extinction profiles embedded therein
Data Source
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Figure 5
AI summary
The invention relates to a sound-absorbing construction component, which is suitable inter alia for use outdoors. The construction element comprises a sound-absorbing absorber layer (01) having a sound entry surface (02) and a plurality of extinguishing profiles (05) fully enclosed in the absorber layer (01) and arranged at a distance from one another. The extinguishing profile (05) consists of a sound-reflecting material and has a profile inner space (09), which has one open side facing away from the sound entry surface (02). The extinguishing profile (05) preferably comprises at least one inlet surface (06) having numerous sound inlet openings (07) and at least one closed reflection surface (08) connecting to the inlet surface, wherein the reflection surface (08) and the open side of the extinguishing profile (05) are at a greater distance from the sound entry surface (02) than the inlet surface (06). The profile inner space (09) is hollow or completely or partially filled with the material of the absorber layer. The invention also relates to a sound protection wall having a backing layer (10) on which numerous sound-absorbing construction components are arranged.