Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Immune Response in Myocarditis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current therapies for myocarditis, particularly those caused by viral infections such as Coxsackievirus B virus and SARS-CoV-2, are inadequate in addressing the multiple pathogenic processes involved in the condition, including inflammation, vascular damage, and disrupted cellular metabolism.

Innovation Solution

Administration of isolated extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, which modulate immune responses, promote angiogenesis, and improve cellular metabolism to reduce inflammation, prevent apoptosis, and enhance vascular integrity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If conventional therapies are used for myocarditis, then treatment is provided, but the multiple pathogenic processes (inflammation, vascular damage, cellular metabolism) are not adequately addressed

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveability to address multiple pathogenic processesVSAvoidadequacy of treatment

Core Design Contradiction:

Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies multi-functionality by using extracellular vesicles that simultaneously address multiple pathogenic processes of myocarditis including inflammation, vascular damage, and cellular metabolism disruption. The EVs perform multiple therapeutic functions through their cargo composition and mechanisms of action, making them a universal treatment approach that covers various aspects of the disease pathology.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs parameter changes by modulating the cargo composition within extracellular vesicles, including proteins, lipids, and other biomolecules. By altering these parameters (cargo composition, EV size, surface markers), the therapy can be optimized to address specific pathogenic processes while maintaining overall therapeutic effectiveness across multiple disease facets.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If therapies target single mechanisms, then specific effects are achieved, but the complexity of myocarditis pathogenesis is not fully addressed

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvetherapeutic effectivenessVSAvoidcompleteness of pathogenesis coverage

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies merging by combining multiple therapeutic mechanisms within a single treatment modality. The extracellular vesicles integrate anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and metabolic support functions into one therapy, merging what would traditionally require multiple separate treatments into a unified approach that comprehensively addresses myocarditis pathogenesis.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Data Source

PatentUS20220218755A1Extracellular vesicles and their uses

Publication Date: 2022.07.14 UNITED THERAPEUTICS CORP

AI summary

Provided are methods for treating or preventing myocarditis by administering extracellular vesicles, including exosomes. In some embodiments, the EVs are from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem (or stromal) cells. The myocarditis can be the result of viral infections such as Coxsackievirus B virus, SARS-CoV-2, or other viruses.