Extracorporeal Circuit Sensor Placement for CO2 Monitoring
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing extracorporeal circuits for decapneization of blood lack precision in measuring CO2 removal and real-time monitoring of blood parameters, leading to potential respiratory complications and inadequate ventilation management.
Innovation Solution
An extracorporeal circuit equipped with sensors on the drainage and re-infusion lines positioned strategically relative to the decapneizer to accurately detect input and output CO2, pH, and bicarbonate levels, preventing interference from haemofiltration and gas diffusion.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If sensors are positioned close to the decapneizer for precise measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but gas diffusion and haemofiltration interference increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a bypass line as an intermediary structure that allows blood to flow through a path separate from the decapneizer. Sensors are positioned in this bypass line at controlled distances from the decapneizer, enabling measurement without direct exposure to gas diffusion interference while still obtaining representative blood samples for accurate CO2 parameter detection.
2Reliability
If haemofiltration is performed to purify blood, then blood purification is improved, but CO2 removal efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the blood flow path into multiple channels: a main line through the decapneizer for CO2 removal and a bypass line for haemofiltration. This segmentation allows both functions to operate simultaneously without interfering with each other, maintaining both CO2 removal efficiency and blood purification quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The extracorporeal circuit is designed with multi-functionality, integrating both decapneization (CO2 removal) and haemofiltration capabilities within a single system. The bypass line serves dual purposes: it provides a flow path for CO2 removal measurement and enables haemofiltration when needed, making the system universally applicable to different treatment requirements.
3Reliability
If real-time monitoring is implemented to prevent respiratory complications, then patient safety is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback monitoring by continuously measuring CO2 parameters in the bypass line and using this information to adjust the decapneization process. The sensors provide real-time data on blood CO2 levels, enabling dynamic control of the treatment to prevent respiratory complications while maintaining a relatively simple system architecture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables real-time, precise monitoring of CO2 and other blood parameters, reducing the need for mechanical ventilation and preventing hypoxemia or hypercapnia, thereby improving patient care during decapneization therapies.
Implementation Method 1
The oxygenator or decapneizer, is supplied with O2 or medical air and works as a gas exchanger and reproduces the patient's pulmonary function
Implementation Method 2
sensors on the drainage and re-infusion lines positioned strategically relative to the decapneizer to accurately detect input and output CO2, pH, and bicarbonate levels
Implementation Method 3
at least one organic fluid pump group arranged at least on said drainage line
Data Source
AI summary
An extracorporeal circuit for the decapneization of organic fluids includes a line for draining from a patient the organic fluid to be decapneized, a line for re-infusing the patient with the decapneized organic fluid, at least one pump group of the organic fluid arranged at least on the draining line, at least one decapneizer into which the drainage line enters and from which the re-infusion line exits, and a first sensor for detecting at least one input parameter of the organic fluid to be decapneized, the first sensor being mounted between the pump group and the decapneizer.