Extraembryonic Cells Modulate Immune Responses
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current immunosuppressive drugs used in transplantation therapies are not entirely effective and come with serious side effects, failing to adequately prevent graft rejection and graft versus host disease without compromising the host's immune defenses.
Innovation Solution
The use of extraembryonic cells, such as amnion-derived multipotent progenitor cells (AMP cells) and their conditioned media, which express HLA-G and do not form teratomas, to modulate inflammatory and immune responses, thereby suppressing or preventing adverse immune reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional immunosuppressive drugs are used to prevent graft rejection and graft versus host disease, then immune suppression is achieved, but the host's immune defenses are compromised and serious side effects occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces HLA-G positive extraembryonic cells as an intermediary substance that mediates immune suppression specifically at the graft site. These cells express HLA-G molecules that selectively inhibit alloreactive T-cell responses through cell-to-cell contact, while leaving the host's general immune defenses intact. This resolves the contradiction by providing targeted immune suppression without systemic immunosuppression.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention applies local quality by making the immunosuppressive effect localized to the graft site rather than systemic. The HLA-G positive cells are administered locally and exert their suppressive effect specifically on alloreactive T-cells at the transplantation site, while maintaining normal immune function in other parts of the body. This allows reliable prevention of graft rejection without compromising overall immune defenses.
2Reliability
If traditional immunosuppressive drugs are used to prevent graft rejection and graft versus host disease, then immune suppression is achieved, but serious side effects occur
Solution Approach 1:
The HLA-G positive extraembryonic cells serve as a natural intermediary that provides immunosuppression through a different mechanism than traditional drugs. Instead of using pharmacological agents with broad toxic effects, the patent employs biologically active cells that selectively modulate immune responses through HLA-G molecule expression, thereby achieving reliable graft protection without the serious side effects associated with conventional immunosuppressive therapy.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention converts the previously discarded extraembryonic tissue (a waste product) into a beneficial therapeutic agent. By isolating and culturing HLA-G positive cells from placental tissue, the patent transforms what was considered biological waste into a valuable immunosuppressive therapy that prevents graft rejection without the harmful side effects of traditional drugs.
3Reliability
If HLA-G positive extraembryonic cells are used to modulate immune responses, then alloreactive T-cell proliferation is inhibited, but the mechanism of action requires further clarification
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms to investigate and clarify the mode of action of HLA-G positive cells. By using conditioned media from these cells and analyzing the soluble factors they secrete, the invention creates a feedback loop that allows researchers to identify and measure the specific molecules and mechanisms involved in immune modulation, thereby reducing the difficulty of detecting and measuring the mechanism of action.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention is directed to novel methods for modulating inflammatory and/or immune responses. Such methods utilize compositions comprising extraembryonic cells (herein referred to as EE cells) including but not limited to extraembryonic HLA-G positive cells (herein referred to as EHP cells) and amnion-derived multipotent progenitor cells (herein referred to as AMP cells); compositions comprising expanded EE cell populations, and/or cell lysates and/or conditioned media derived therefrom, alone or in combination with each other and/or in combination with various extracellular matrices and/or devices and/or other suitable active agents.