Additive Manufacturing Extrusion Assembly Thermal Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Traditional heated nozzle assemblies for additive manufacturing systems suffer from uneven heating and less precise temperature control due to the heater and temperature sensor not being in intimate contact with the material, leading to energy losses and reduced component lifespan.

Innovation Solution

An extrusion assembly with a heating element helically wound or extending parallel to a channel, where a temperature sensor is positioned adjacent to the channel between the heating element and extrusion die, enclosed within a compacted crushable core for improved heat transfer and precise temperature monitoring.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If the heater is mounted in a block near the extrusion tube assembly rather than in direct contact with the extrusion tube assembly, then the device complexity is reduced and ease of manufacture is improved, but heating uniformity deteriorates and temperature control precision worsens

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of manufactureVSAvoidtemperature control precision
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The heater is integrated directly into the extrusion tube assembly, merging the heating function with the material transport function. This direct integration ensures intimate contact between the heater and the material, enabling precise temperature control while maintaining manufacturing feasibility through modular design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

A temperature sensor is positioned between the heater and the extrusion die to provide real-time temperature feedback. This intermediary sensing element enables closed-loop temperature control, ensuring precise thermal management of the material as it passes through the extrusion assembly.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Device complexity

If the heater is mounted in a block near the extrusion tube assembly, then device complexity is reduced, but heat transfer efficiency deteriorates and energy loss increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidenergy loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The heater is merged with the extrusion tube assembly, eliminating thermal gaps and improving heat transfer efficiency. This direct contact configuration reduces energy loss while maintaining relatively simple device architecture through integrated design.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

A temperature sensor provides real-time feedback on the material temperature, enabling the control system to adjust heater power dynamically. This feedback mechanism optimizes energy consumption by heating only when and where needed, reducing overall energy loss in the system.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Power

If the heater operates at higher temperatures due to inefficient heat transfer, then the heating capability is sufficient, but thermal strain on components increases and system lifespan decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheating capabilityVSAvoidsystem lifespan
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The heater is integrated directly into the extrusion tube assembly, improving heat transfer efficiency. This allows the heater to operate at lower temperatures while delivering the same heating effect, reducing thermal strain on components and extending system lifespan.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The temperature sensor provides continuous monitoring and feedback, enabling the heater to operate at the minimum necessary temperature to achieve the desired material temperature. This feedback-controlled operation prevents excessive heating and reduces cumulative thermal damage to system components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances heat transfer efficiency and temperature control precision, prolonging the life of the additive manufacturing system by ensuring the heating element operates at lower temperatures and maintaining accurate temperature readings.

Implementation Method 1

a heating element that melts a filament material drive trough the channel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

enhances heat transfer efficiency

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

a temperature sensor that is positioned adjacent to the channel between the extrusion die and the heating element

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal conduction: Conduction (thermal)

Data Source

PatentEP3476566B1Extrusion assembly for an additive manufacturing system and method for manufacturing the same
Publication Date: 2022.08.10 CHROMALOX INC
  • EP3476566B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3476566B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3476566B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An extrusion assembly, a method of constructing an extrusion assembly, and an additive manufacturing system including an extrusion assembly are disclosed. The extrusion assembly includes an extrusion die; a channel having an inlet and an outlet, which is in fluid communication with the extrusion die; and a heating element that melts a filament material drive through the channel so that the melted material is extruded by the extrusion die. The heating element can be helically wound about the channel or extend parallel to the channel, among other configurations. Further, the extrusion assembly includes a temperature sensor that is positioned adjacent to the channel between the extrusion die and the heating element. The channel, heating element, and temperature sensor are enclosed together within a sheath as a single integral unit. An additive manufacturing system utilizing the extrusion assembly can include a drive assembly, a support assembly, and a controller.