Reusable 3D Printed Eye Model for Ophthalmic Surgery Training
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for surgical training, such as using animal models or cadavers, are inadequate for developing the dexterous movement and control required in ophthalmic surgery, and there is a need for a more effective simulation tool that mimics the mechanical properties of the human eye.
Innovation Solution
A 3D printed anatomical model of the eye, comprising a posterior and anterior segment with mating portions, rectus muscles, and a vitreous substitute material, which allows for realistic simulation of surgical procedures like vitrectomy, using a multi-material 3D printing process that replicates the mechanical properties of eye tissues.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If animal models or cadavers are used for surgical training, then hands-on training is provided, but the mechanical properties do not accurately mimic the human eye
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a simplified copy of the human eye using 3D printing technology. The model reproduces the essential mechanical properties and anatomical structures of the eye (globe, lens, iris, vitreous humor) without requiring actual biological tissue. This copying approach provides accurate mechanical feedback for surgical training while being readily manufacturable and reusable.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the physical parameters of the training model by using materials with specific mechanical properties that mimic eye tissues. The 3D printed components are designed with appropriate stiffness, elasticity, and structural characteristics to replicate the feel and resistance of real eye structures during surgical manipulation, thereby improving reliability without compromising manufacturability.
2Ease of operation
If simple cataract surgery models are used, then basic training is provided, but dexterous movement and control cannot be developed
Solution Approach 1:
The eye model is divided into multiple separable components including the anterior segment, posterior segment, lens, iris, and vitreous humor. This segmentation allows surgeons to practice various procedures (cataract surgery, vitrectomy, membrane peeling) by manipulating different parts of the model independently, thereby enhancing both ease of operation for skill development and adaptability for diverse surgical training scenarios.
Solution Approach 2:
The model incorporates dynamic elements such as flexible membranes, movable lens, and elastic structures that respond to surgical manipulation. The rectus muscles and surrounding tissues are designed to exhibit realistic mechanical behavior, allowing surgeons to develop dexterous movement and control skills through repeated practice of various surgical techniques on this adaptable platform.
3Reliability
If a single-material 3D printed model is used, then manufacturing is simplified, but the mechanical properties cannot replicate different eye tissues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs multi-material 3D printing to create the eye model, combining materials with different mechanical properties to represent various eye tissues. Hard materials simulate the cornea and lens, soft materials represent the retina and vitreous humor, and elastic materials mimic the capsule and surrounding structures. This composite approach achieves accurate mechanical property replication while managing device complexity through integrated printing processes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The model provides a realistic and reusable platform for surgical training, enabling simulation of procedures like vitrectomy and peeling of membranes, enhancing the development of dexterous surgical skills without the limitations of traditional training methods.
Implementation Method 1
Advances in 3D printing technology allow for the creation of structures with discrete regions having customized mechanical properties. It is possible to print a single object that contains hard components or regions, soft components or regions, and components and regions with properties in-between. This is achieved by the simultaneous deposition of two complementary materials, one soft and one hard, in controlled proportions, in specific 3D coordinates.
Implementation Method 2
the coating is a liquid which is applyable to the fundus to form a film that will adhere to the fundus when dried, and after drying is peelable from the fundus in strips; the coating includes a substrate and a volatile solubilizing agent
Data Source
AI summary
A reusable surgical model of the eye has mating anterior and posterior segments. The posterior segment has structures corresponding to those of the eye, including a hollow globe and an image of the fundus positioned upon an interior, posterior portion of the globe. A mating connector is peripherally formed about an open end of the globe. The anterior segment includes structures corresponding to those of the eye, including a pars plana, an opening in a region corresponding to an iris, and a lens positionable within the opening. The anterior segment has a peripheral connector which mates with that of the posterior segment. The lens is removably connected to the anterior segment, and has a focal length corresponding to a natural eye. A coating is applied to the fundus to enable simulation of a membrane peeling procedure, and the globe is fillable with a vitreous substitute.